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Biology Of Mammals > Reproduction > Flashcards

Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

What is viviparity?

A

Giving birth to live young

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2
Q

What can the baculum be used to identify?

A

Age and taxonomy

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3
Q

What is the simplex uterus

A

Entire uterus is fused into one single organ

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3
Q

What is one method of reproductive delay?

A

Sperm storage

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4
Q

How can reproductive suppression occur?

A

Suppress own Suppress others

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5
Q

What defines mammalian reproduction?

A

Egg-uterus relationship

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5
Q

Which species have a simplex uterus?

A

Higher primates

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6
Q

How does delayed development occur?

A

Egg is fertilised. Blastocyst implants into uterus lining

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7
Q

Why does infanticide occur?

A

New dominant male kills offspring to bring female back into oestrus

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7
Q

What is polygyny

A

Multiple females single males

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8
Q

Which species have a bipartite uterus?

A

Whales

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8
Q

What is parturition?

A

The act of giving birth to young

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9
Q

What are the characteristics monotreme reproduction?

A

Egg laying, single functioning ovary, cloaca, mammary glands, no nipples

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10
Q

What is the functional of epithelial spines?

A

Remove sperm from multiple matings

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11
Q

Which species have bicornuate uterus?

A

Bats and carnivores

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13
Q

What are the 2 derived characteristics of mammals?

A

Hair, mammary glands

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14
Q

What is the bicornuate uterus?

A

Heart-shaped uterus. Upper parts are separate but fused at the bottom

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14
Q

How are copulation cycles maintained?

A

Social and environmental cues

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16
Q

what are the characteristics marsupial reproduction?

A

Cloaca, basic placenta, brief gestation, long lactation, development in a pouch

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17
Q

Why do stoats have delayed implantation?

A

Males mate with altricial young, females arent big enough to cope with birth and to allow young to develop

17
Q

What is Corpus luteum?

A

Hormone secreting structure that develops in an ovary

17
Q

What are the stages in metatherian lactation?

A

Mammogenesis Early lactogenesis Late lactogenesis

18
Q

Which 2 species lay eggs?

A

Platypus and echidna

19
Q

What is polyandry?

A

Multiple males single female

21
Q

In which orders are the testes abdominal?

A

Monotremes, Cetacea, Aenarthra, Paenungulata

21
Q

How does delayed implantation occur?

A

Embryonic diapause. Blastocyst maintained in a state of dormancy

22
Q

Why does reproductive suppress occur?

A

Reproduction is costly, need to maximise long term fitness

23
Q

What is unique about the marsupial penis?

A

It is bifid into 2 halves

24
Q

What are the parts of the male anatomy?

A

Testes, penis, baculum

25
Q

Why is the marsupial penis the way it is?

A

To allow sperm to be deposited in both sides of the vagina

27
Q

What is the baculum?

A

Penis bone

28
Q

What are diphyodont teeth?

A

2 sets of teeth (milk and permanent)

30
Q

What are the characteristics of eutherian reproduction?

A

Advanced placenta, towards nutrition transfer via lactation.

31
Q

What are the 6 placental structures?

A

Eputheliochorial Syndesmochorial Endotheliochorial Hemochorial Endothelioendothelial Hemoendothelial

32
Q

What occurs in marsupial birth?

A

New borns are altricial, crawl to pouch

34
Q

Which species have a duplex uterus?

A

Rodents, marsupials, lagomorphs

35
Q

What is the bipartite uterus?

A

2 separate uteri but share a single cervix

37
Q

What are the 4 types of uterus?

A

Duplex, bipartite, bicornuate, simplex

39
Q

What is unique about the platypus vagina?

A

Only the left oviduct is functional

40
Q

Which species are the only ones with male lactation?

A

Dayak fruit bat

41
Q

What is a monoestrous cycle?

A

One cycle per year

42
Q

What is the bruce effect?

A

Female rodents terminate pregancies following exposure to the scent of unfamiliar males

43
Q

How does sperm storage work?

A

Copulation before torpor, sperm heads embedded in uterus lining

44
Q

What is the duplex uterus?

A

2 wholly separate uteri with one fallopian tube

45
Q

What is a polyoestrous cycle?

A

More than one a year

46
Q

What is semelparity?

A

Investing everything into one mating event to create best conditions and secure best female

47
Q

What is unique about the echidna penis?

A

Bifid - 4 rosetters, only 2 are fucntional

48
Q

What is the function of mammary glands?

A

Transfer nutrients

Biology Of Mammals (13 decks)

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