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Bonew > Skeleton > Flashcards

Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Axiel skeleton

A 
Sternum
Cranium 
Vertebrae 
Chest/thorax
Ribs/costars
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2
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A 
Arms-ulna, radius, humorous 
Shoulders-clavical, scapula
Pelvis -ilium, ischium, pubis 
Legs- femur, tibia, fibula,patella
Feet-tarsals, metatarsals, phalangees 
Hands- carpals, metacarpals, phalalangees
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3
Q

Long bones

A

Femur, ulna, radius, humorous, tibia, fibula, metatarsals, metacarpals, phalangees

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4
Q

Short bones

A

Carpals

Tarsals

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5
Q

Flat bones

A 
Scapula
Costals
Sternum
Cranial
Ilium
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6
Q

Irregular bones

A

Vertebrae

Calcanceous (heel bone)

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7
Q

Sesamoid bone

A

Patella

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8
Q

Minerals stored in bones

A

Phosphorus
Yellow marrow
Calcium
Triglycerides

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9
Q

How many bones in body

A

206

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10
Q

What do red and white blood cells do

A

Red- carry oxygen

White -fight bacteria and infection

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11
Q

What are tendons

A

Muscles that attach to bone

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12
Q

What are ligaments

A

Attach bone to bone

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13
Q

Name the three types of cartilage ?

A

Hyaline cartilage
Elastic cartilage
Fibre cartilage

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14
Q

What is hyaline cartilage ?

A

Is a temporary skeleton of a foetus, replaced by bone when calcium is deposited, found at the end of long bones.

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15
Q

What is elastic cartilage?

A

Similar to hyaline
More fibres from the elastic
Ability to regain and return back to same shape

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16
Q

What is fibro cartilage ?

A

Thicker/ stronger
Has limited distribution
Acts as a shock absorber in cartilinous joints

17
Q

How many irregular bones are there ?

A

33 irregular bones in the body

18
Q

What is a neutral spine ?

A

Same as optimal with s shape

20-45 degrees

19
Q

How many natural curves are there and what are they called

A

4 natural curves
2 -convex
2-concave

20
Q

What ranges of motion is there in the cervical and thoracic?

A

Flexion
Extension
Rotation
Lateral flexion

21
Q

What ranges of motion has the lumbar spine got ?

A

Less flexion
Greater extension
Limited amount of lateral flexion and rotation

22
Q

What is the name of the lumbar curvature ?

A

Hyperlordosis

23
Q

What is the name of the thoratic curvature ?

A

Hyperphosis

24
Q

What is the name of the mid curvature ?

A

Kyphosis

25
Q

Name the three types of joints ?

A

Synovial joint
Fibrous joint
Cartilaginous joint

26
Q

What has 7 vertabrae

A

Cervical

27
Q

What has 12 in the vertabrae

A

Thoratic

28
Q

What has 5 in the section

A

Lumbar and sacral

29
Q

What has 4 bones in the spine

A

Coccygeal

30
Q

What is oestoporosis

A

When calcium is lost from the bone
Increases risk of fractures
Loose height and changes in posture
Hunched back when older

31
Q

What is ossification

A

When bone is formed in the body from osteoblasts and osteoclasts

32
Q

What are oestoblasts

A

Cells form new bone

33
Q

What are oesteoclast

A

Cells that eat away old bone

34
Q

What are osteocytes

A

Mature osteoblasts that have ended there bone forming

35
Q

What has to be present for ossicifacyion to take place

A

Calcium

36
Q

What improves kyphosis

A

Lengthen the pectoral muscles and strengthen the lower trapezius and romboids

37
Q

How to improve lordosis

A

Strengthen the abdominal core muscles and lengthen the spine

Bonew (17 decks)

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