Joints Flashcards
What is the freely movable joint?
Synovial
What is the immovable joint
Fibrous joint
What is the slightly movable joint
Cartilaginous joint
What is the purpose of synovial joints?
- secretes synovial fluid, which lubricates the joints
- ends are covered in hyaline cartilage
- surrounded by fibrous capsule
What is a cartilage joint?
Does not have a blood supply Is very dense and durable Strong -can withstand forces Can be worn or torn Dependant on regular health
Purpose of ligaments
Connecting bone to bone
Tough/ white / non elastic fibrous tissue
Helps joint stability
Preventing excess and unwanted motion in joint
Guiding joint motion and alignment
List the types of synovial joints
Hinge joints Saddle joints Ball and socket joints Gliding joint Pivot joint Ellipsiod joint
List and example of a saddle joint
Thumb
List and example of a gliding joint
Mid carpal and mid tarsal
List an example of a piviot joint
Between atlas and axis of cervical vertabrae
Name a ball and socket joint
Hip and shoulder
Name a hinge joint
Knee and elbow
Name a ellipsis joint
Knuckle between phalange bones and fingers
What ranges of motion is there at the elbow and hinge joint
Flexion and extension
What ranges of motion at the ball and socket joint
Abduction, adduction, circumdation, elevation, depression
What ranges of motion at the piviot joint
Rotation
What ranges of motion at the gliding joint
Planta flexion
Dorsi flexion
What percentage is minerals ?
7%
What percentage is protein
23%
What percentage is water
70%
What is a single fibre wrapped in connective tissue?
Endomysin
What is a individual muscle fibre wrapped in connective tissue
Perimysium
What is purpose of skeletal muscles
Cross over joints and attaches to bones via tendons
What are myofilaments
Mysoin and actin
What is inversion
Sole of the foot facing onwards
What movement does the shoulder girdle do
Elevation
Depression
Protraction
Reaction
What movements can the elbow do
Flexion
Extension
Pronation
Supination
What movements does the hip do
Extension Flexion Abduction Adduction External rotation Internal roatation Circumdation Flexion
What movements can the knee make
Flexion Extension Eversion Inversion Dorsiflexion Planta flexion
