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#NUR1114 Bioscience > 📝 Skeletal System > Flashcards

📝 Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Definition

The bones of the fingers and of the toes

A

Phalanges

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2
Q

Define

Analogy

A

similar in appearance or function but otherwise different

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3
Q

Definition

a thin fibrous cartilage between the surfaces of some joints

A

Menisci

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4
Q

Definition

the enclosing structure formed by the pelvis, providing attachment for the hind limbs

A

Pelvic girdle

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5
Q

Definition

a very porous type of bone found in animals. It is highly vascularized and contains red bone marrow. This bone is usually located at the ends of the long bones (the epiphyses), with the harder compact bone surrounding it

A

Spongy bone

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6
Q

What shape classification is given to this bone?

A

Sesamoid bone

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7
Q

What is a joint/articulation?

A

Areas where two or more adjacent bones interact

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8
Q

Definition

Part of the top portion of the skull which protects the brain. The bones of the cranium include the frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones

A

Cranial bones

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9
Q

Define

Compact bone

A

dense bone in which the bony matrix is solidly filled with organic ground substance and inorganic salts, leaving only tiny spaces (lacunae) that contain the osteocytes, or bone cells

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10
Q

True or False:

Cartilage is well vascularised

A

False

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11
Q

Define

Anatomy

A

the branch of science concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms, especially as revealed by dissection and the separation of parts

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12
Q

Define

Hyaline cartilage

A

the glass-like but translucent cartilage found on many joint surfaces

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13
Q

Define

Ulna

A

the thinner and longer of the two bones in the human forearm, on the side opposite to the thumb

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14
Q

Definition

The definition of a homologous structure is an organ or body part that appears in different animals and is similar in structure and location, but doesn’t necessarily share the same purpose

A

Homologous structures

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15
Q

Which bones are considered as part of the hip?

A

Pelvis

Proximal femur

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16
Q

Define

Thorax

A

the part of the body of a mammal between the neck and the abdomen, including the cavity enclosed by the ribs, breastbone, and dorsal vertebrae, and containing the chief organs of circulation and respiration; the chest

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17
Q

What connective tissue connects bone to bone?

A

Ligaments

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18
Q

Definition

A type of articulation between bony surfaces that permits limited motion and is connected by ligaments or elastic cartilage, such as that between the vertebrae

A

Amphiarthrosis

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19
Q

Define

Metacarpals

A

any of the five bones of the hand

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20
Q

Which bones are considered as part of the shoulder?

A

Scapula

Clavicle

Humerus (head of)

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21
Q

Define

Pectorial girdle

A

the skeletal framework which provides attachment for the forelimbs or pectoral fins, usually consisting of the scapulas and clavicles

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22
Q

Define

Mandible

A

the jaw or a jawbone, especially the lower jawbone in mammals and fishes

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23
Q

Definition

a triangular bone in the lower back formed from fused vertebrae and situated between the two hipbones of the pelvis

A

Sacrum

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24
Q

Definition

a thick flat triangular movable bone that forms the anterior point of the knee and protects the front of the joint

A

Patella

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25
Q

Definition

A structure in an organism that has lost all or most of its original function in the course of evolution, such as human appendixes

A

Vestigial structure

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26
Q

Define

Microscopic anatomy

A

The study of the structure of cells, tissues, and organs of the body as seen with a microscope

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27
Q

Define

Synarthrosis

A

an immovably fixed joint between bones connected by fibrous tissue (for example, the sutures of the skull)

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28
Q

Definition

anatomy of the systems of the body

A

Systemic anatomy

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29
Q

Define

Epiphysis

A

the end part of a long bone, initially growing separately from the shaft

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30
Q

Define

Vestigial structure

A

A structure in an organism that has lost all or most of its original function in the course of evolution, such as human appendixes

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31
Q

Define

Biological adaptation

A

a property of phenotypic features of organisms relative to selection demands of the environment

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32
Q

Definition

the prominent rounded surface of the (usually) proximal bone

A

Head (of bone)

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33
Q

What are the different types of synovial joints?

A

Gliding joint

Condylar joint

Hinge joint

Saddle joint

Pivot joint

Ball-and-socket joint

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34
Q

Define

Regional anatomy

A

an approach to anatomic study based on regions, parts, or divisions of the body (the foot or the inguinal region), emphasizing the relationships of various systemic structures (muscles, nerves, and arteries) within that area; distinguished from systemic anatomy

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35
Q

Define

Lumbar

A

relating to the lower part of the back

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36
Q

Define

Saddle joint

A

a joint with saddle-shaped articular surfaces that are convex in one direction and concave in another and that permit movements in all directions except axial rotation

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37
Q

Definition

the thicker and shorter of the two bones in the human forearm

A

Radius

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38
Q

Definition

a connection between two bones consisting of a cartilage lined cavity filled with fluid, which is known as a diarthrosis joint

A

Synovial joint

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39
Q

Define

Brachium

A

the arm, specifically the upper arm from shoulder to elbow

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40
Q

What are the different joint classifications based on function?

A

Synarthrosis

Amphiarthrosis

Diarthrosis

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41
Q

Define

Humerus

A

the bone of the upper arm or forelimb, forming joints at the shoulder and the elbow

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42
Q

Define

Spongy bone

A

a very porous type of bone found in animals. It is highly vascularized and contains red bone marrow. This bone is usually located at the ends of the long bones (the epiphyses), with the harder compact bone surrounding it

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43
Q

Define

Bone marrow

A

a soft fatty substance in the cavities of bones, in which blood cells are produced

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44
Q

Definition

the eight small bones that make up the wrist that connects the hand to the forearm

A

Carpals

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45
Q

True or False:

Compact bone is well vascularised

A

True

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46
Q

Which bones are considered as part of the knee?

A

Distal femur

Patella

Proximal tibia

Proximal fibula

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47
Q

Definition

joints that are connected by dense connective tissue consisting mainly of collagen. These joints are also called fixed or immovable joints because they do not move

A

Fibrous joints

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48
Q

Definition

the jaw or a jawbone, especially the lower jawbone in mammals and fishes

A

Mandible

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49
Q

What is an example of a saddle joint?

A

Thumb joint

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50
Q

Define

Costal bones

A

long curved bones which form the rib cage, part of the axial skeleton

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51
Q

Definition

the thinner and longer of the two bones in the human forearm, on the side opposite to the thumb

A

Ulna

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52
Q

Which bones are considered as part of the thoracic cage?

A

Ribs

Sternum

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53
Q

What are the two divisions of the skeleton?

A

Axial

Appendicular

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54
Q

Definition

relating to the lower part of the back

A

Lumbar

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55
Q

Define

Pelvic girdle

A

the enclosing structure formed by the pelvis, providing attachment for the hind limbs

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56
Q

Definition

long curved bones which form the rib cage, part of the axial skeleton

A

Costal bones

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57
Q

Define

Condyle

A

a rounded protuberance at the end of some bones, forming an articulation with another bone

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58
Q
A
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59
Q

What types of bony landmarks are found at articular surfaces?

A

Head

Neck

Condyle

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60
Q

Define

Condylar joints

A

an ovoid articular surface, or condyle that is received into an elliptical cavity. This permits movement in two planes, allowing flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction

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61
Q
A
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62
Q

Definition

a common type of synovial joint formed between bones that meet at flat or nearly flat articular surfaces. They allow the bones to glide past one another in any direction along the plane of the joint — up and down, left and right, and diagonally

A

Gliding joint

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63
Q

Definition

the portion of the skeleton of vertebrates consisting of the bones that support the appendages. It includes the skeletal elements within the limbs, as well as supporting pectoral and pelvic girdle

A

Appendicular skeleton

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64
Q

Definition

a mass of closely packed fat cells surrounded by fibrous tissue septa

A

Fat pad

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65
Q

True or False:

Uncontrolled movements are more likely to break a bone than snap a ligament

A
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66
Q

What shape classification is given to this bone?

A

Flat bone

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67
Q

Definition

the glass-like but translucent cartilage found on many joint surfaces

A

Hyaline cartilage

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68
Q

Definition

a fluid-filled sac or saclike cavity, especially one countering friction at a joint

A

Bursae

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69
Q

Definition

the arm, specifically the upper arm from shoulder to elbow

A

Brachium

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70
Q

Define

Pivot joint

A

a type of synovial joint. In these joints, the axis of a convex articular surface is parallel with the longitudinal axis of the bone

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71
Q

Define

Scapula

A

either of a pair of large triangular bones lying one in each dorsal lateral part of the thorax

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72
Q

Definition

The forearm, i.e. the part of the arm between the elbow and the wrist

A

Antebrachium

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73
Q

Define

Antebrachium

A

The forearm, i.e. the part of the arm between the elbow and the wrist

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74
Q

Define

Fibula

A

the outer and usually smaller of the two bones between the knee and the ankle in humans, parallel with the tibia.

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75
Q

Definition

a joint that is connected entirely by cartilage (fibrocartilage or hyaline). They allow more movement between bones than a fibrous joint but less than the highly mobile synovial joint

A

Cartilaginous joints

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76
Q

Define

Metatarsals

A

any of the bones of the foot

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77
Q

Define

Bursae

A

a fluid-filled sac or saclike cavity, especially one countering friction at a joint

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78
Q

Definition

a protuberance above or on the condyle of a long bone, especially either of the two at the elbow end of the humerus

A

Epicondyle

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79
Q

What is an example of a pivot joint?

A

Joint between the radius and ulna

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80
Q

Define

Amphiarthrosis

A

A type of articulation between bony surfaces that permits limited motion and is connected by ligaments or elastic cartilage, such as that between the vertebrae

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81
Q
A
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82
Q

Define

Clavicle

A

a bone of the shoulder girdle typically serving to link the scapula and sternum

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83
Q
A
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84
Q

Definition

the large bony structure near the base of the spine to which the hind limbs or legs are attached in humans and many other vertebrates

A

Pelvis

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85
Q

Definition

A structure in an organism that has lost all or most of its original function in the course of evolution, such as human appendixes

A

Vestigial structure

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86
Q

Definition

the bone of the thigh or upper hind limb, articulating at the hip and the knee

A

Femur

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87
Q

Definition

anatomy of the systems of the body

A

Systemic anatomy

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88
Q

Define

Cervical spine

A

seven vertebral bodies (C1-C7) that make up the upper most part of the spine

89
Q

Which bones are considered as part of the thigh?

A

Femur

90
Q

Which bones are considered as part of the hand?

A

Carpal bones

Metacarpal cones

Phalanges

91
Q

Define

Avascular tissue

A

tissue characterized by or associated with a lack of blood vessels

92
Q

Definition

the inner and typically larger of the two bones between the knee and the ankle, parallel with the fibula

A

Tibia

93
Q

Define

Sacrum

A

a triangular bone in the lower back formed from fused vertebrae and situated between the two hipbones of the pelvis

94
Q

Define

Appendicular skeleton

A

the portion of the skeleton of vertebrates consisting of the bones that support the appendages. It includes the skeletal elements within the limbs, as well as supporting pectoral and pelvic girdle

95
Q

What accessory structures are found in synovial joints?

A

Fat pads

Tendons

Bursae

Menisci

96
Q

Definition

a joint with saddle-shaped articular surfaces that are convex in one direction and concave in another and that permit movements in all directions except axial rotation

A

Saddle joint

97
Q

Define

Foramen

A

an opening, hole, or passage, especially in a bone

98
Q

What is an example of a gliding joint?

A

Joints between the tarsals

99
Q

Define

Gross anatomy

A

the branch of anatomy that deals with the structure of organs and tissues that are visible to the naked eye

100
Q

Define

Trochanter

A

any of two bony protuberances by which muscles are attached to the upper part of the thigh bone

101
Q

Definition

a freely movable joint

A

Diarthrosis

102
Q

Define

Cartilaginous joints

A

a joint that is connected entirely by cartilage (fibrocartilage or hyaline). They allow more movement between bones than a fibrous joint but less than the highly mobile synovial joint

103
Q

__________: solid, dense bone containing parallel osteons

__________: fibrous connective tissue ‘sleeve’ covering

__________: provides smooth, low-friction, gliding surface for movement

__________: trabecular bone composed of a network of bony struts

__________: a tissue that fills the internal cavities in bones; it is dominated by blood cells or by adipose tissue

A

Compact bone: solid, dense bone containing parallel osteons

Periosteum: fibrous connective tissue ‘sleeve’ covering

Articular cartilage: provides smooth, low-friction, gliding surface for movement

Spongy bone: trabecular bone composed of a network of bony struts

Bone marrow: a tissue that fills the internal cavities in bones; it is dominated by blood cells or by adipose tissue

104
Q

Define

Epiphyseal plate

A

a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone

105
Q

Definition

a small triangular bone at the base of the spinal column in humans and some apes, formed of fused vestigial vertebrae

A

Coccyx

106
Q

Definition

the inner and typically larger of the two bones between the knee and the ankle, parallel with the fibula

A

Tibia

107
Q

Definition

the branch of anatomy that deals with the structure of organs and tissues that are visible to the naked eye

A

Gross anatomy

108
Q

Define

Ball-and-socket joints

A

a natural or manufactured joint or coupling, such as the hip joint, in which a partially spherical end lies in a socket, allowing multidirectional movement and rotation

109
Q

Definition

the portion of the spine that have very little motion because they are firmly attached to the ribs and sternum

A

Thoracic spine

110
Q

True or False:

A bone with a condyle doesn’t necessarily have an epicondyle

A

True

111
Q

Define

Fat pad

A

a mass of closely packed fat cells surrounded by fibrous tissue septa

112
Q

Definition

a rounded protuberance at the end of some bones, forming an articulation with another bone

A

Condyle

113
Q

Define

Synovial joint

A

a connection between two bones consisting of a cartilage lined cavity filled with fluid, which is known as a diarthrosis joint

114
Q

Define

Tendon

A

a flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone

115
Q

Definition

any of the five bones of the hand

A

Metacarpals

116
Q
A
117
Q

Which bones are considered as part of the leg?

A

Tibia

Fibula

118
Q

Definition

the branch of science concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms, especially as revealed by dissection and the separation of parts

A

Anatomy

119
Q

What are the four basic forces that have shaped the way the human skeleton has evolved?

A

Compression

Tension

Shear

Torsion

120
Q

Definition

a property of phenotypic features of organisms relative to selection demands of the environment

A

Biological adaptation

121
Q

Definition

a viscous, non-Newtonian fluid found in the cavities of synovial joints

A

Synovial fluid

122
Q

Definition

a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone

A

Epiphyseal plate

123
Q

Definition

a long, thin projection on a bone, often with a rough surface

A

Line/Ridge

124
Q

Definition

a type of dense connective tissue. It has a honeycomb-like matrix internally, which helps to give the bone rigidity

A

Osseous tissue

125
Q

How many bones are in the human adult skeleton?

A

206

126
Q

Define

Femur

A

the bone of the thigh or upper hind limb, articulating at the hip and the knee

127
Q

Define

Gliding joint

A

a common type of synovial joint formed between bones that meet at flat or nearly flat articular surfaces. They allow the bones to glide past one another in any direction along the plane of the joint — up and down, left and right, and diagonally

128
Q

Where do bony landmarks appear?

A
  • At articular surfaces (joints)
  • Wherever tendons, ligaments or fascia attach to bone
  • Where arteries lie adjacent to or enter bones
  • In relation to the passage of a tendon (often to direct the tendon) to control movement at a joint
129
Q

What are the three main types of cartilage?

A

Hyaline cartilage

Elastic cartilage

Fibrocartilage

130
Q

Definition

the part of the body of a mammal between the neck and the abdomen, including the cavity enclosed by the ribs, breastbone, and dorsal vertebrae, and containing the chief organs of circulation and respiration; the chest

A

Thorax

131
Q

Definition

the portion of the spine that have very little motion because they are firmly attached to the ribs and sternum

A

Thoracic spine

132
Q

Define

Periosteum

A

a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints

133
Q

Define

Sternum

A

a long flat bone located in the central part of the chest

134
Q

Define

Articular cartilage

A

highly specialized connective tissue of diarthrodial joints. Its principal function is to provide a smooth, lubricated surface for articulation and to facilitate the transmission of loads with a low frictional coefficient

135
Q

Define

Fibrocartilage

A

cartilage that contains fibrous bundles of collagen, such as that of the intervertebral disks in the spinal cord

136
Q

Definition

a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints

A

Periosteum

137
Q

Definition

seven vertebral bodies (C1-C7) that make up the upper most part of the spine

A

Cervical spine

138
Q

Define

Cranial bones

A

Part of the top portion of the skull which protects the brain. The bones of the cranium include the frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones

139
Q

Define

Phalanges

A

The bones of the fingers and of the toes

140
Q

Define

Systemic anatomy

A

anatomy of the systems of the body

141
Q

Define

Line/Ridge

A

a long, thin projection on a bone, often with a rough surface

142
Q

Define

Tarsals

A

a cluster of seven articulating bones in each foot situated between the lower end of tibia and fibula of the lower leg and the metatarsus

143
Q

Definition

a flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone

A

Tendon

144
Q

Define

Diarthrosis

A

a freely movable joint

145
Q

What is the most moveable type of synovial joint?

A

Ball-and-socket joint

146
Q

Definition

a soft fatty substance in the cavities of bones, in which blood cells are produced

A

Bone marrow

147
Q

Define

Radius

A

the thicker and shorter of the two bones in the human forearm

148
Q

Define

Neck (of bone)

A

the section of bone between the head and the shaft

149
Q

Definition

a flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone

A

Tendon

150
Q

Which bones are considered as part of the skull?

A

Cranial bones

Mandible

151
Q

True or False:

If a bone has a head then it must have a neck

A

False

152
Q

Define

Pelvis

A

the large bony structure near the base of the spine to which the hind limbs or legs are attached in humans and many other vertebrates

153
Q

What is an example of a hinge joint?

A

Elbow

154
Q

Definition

either of a pair of large triangular bones lying one in each dorsal lateral part of the thorax

A

Scapula

155
Q

Definition

the end part of a long bone, initially growing separately from the shaft

A

Epiphysis

156
Q

Definition

a long flat bone located in the central part of the chest

A

Sternum

157
Q

What types of bony landmarks are found at attachment sites?

A

Trochanter

Line/Ridge

158
Q

Definition

cartilage that contains fibrous bundles of collagen, such as that of the intervertebral disks in the spinal cord

A

Fibrocartilage

159
Q

Define

Hinge joint

A

a bone joint in which the particular surfaces are molded to each other in such a manner as to permit motion only in one plane

160
Q

Definition

a joint with saddle-shaped articular surfaces that are convex in one direction and concave in another and that permit movements in all directions except axial rotation

A

Saddle joint

161
Q

Define

Menisci

A

a thin fibrous cartilage between the surfaces of some joints

162
Q

What are the different classifications of bones based on shape?

A

Long

Short

Flat

Irregular

Sesamoid

163
Q

Definition

a type of cartilage present in the outer ear, Eustachian tube and epiglottis. It contains elastic fiber networks and collagen type II fibers. The principal protein is elastin

A

Elastic cartilage

164
Q

Define

Tibia

A

the inner and typically larger of the two bones between the knee and the ankle, parallel with the fibula

165
Q

Define

Epicondyle

A

a protuberance above or on the condyle of a long bone, especially either of the two at the elbow end of the humerus

166
Q

Definition

highly specialized connective tissue of diarthrodial joints. Its principal function is to provide a smooth, lubricated surface for articulation and to facilitate the transmission of loads with a low frictional coefficient

A

Articular cartilage

167
Q

Which bones are considered as part of the vertebral column?

A

Cervical

Thoracic

Lumbar

Sacrum

Coccyx

168
Q

Definition

the narrow portion of a long bone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis

A

Metaphysis

169
Q

What are the different joint classifications based on structure?

A

Fibrous joint

Cartilaginous joint

Synovial joint

170
Q

Definition

the outer and usually smaller of the two bones between the knee and the ankle in humans, parallel with the tibia.

A

Fibula

171
Q

Definition

the shaft or central part of a long bone

A

Diaphysis

172
Q

Which bones are considered as part of the arm?

A

Humerus

173
Q

Definition

a triangular bone in the lower back formed from fused vertebrae and situated between the two hipbones of the pelvis

A

Sacrum

174
Q

What is an example of a ball-and-socket joint?

A

Shoulders or hips

175
Q

Definition

a type of synovial joint. In these joints, the axis of a convex articular surface is parallel with the longitudinal axis of the bone

A

Pivot joint

176
Q

Definition

an approach to anatomic study based on regions, parts, or divisions of the body (the foot or the inguinal region), emphasizing the relationships of various systemic structures (muscles, nerves, and arteries) within that area; distinguished from systemic anatomy

A

Regional anatomy

177
Q

Definition

the thinner and longer of the two bones in the human forearm, on the side opposite to the thumb

A

Ulna

178
Q

Definition

a cluster of seven articulating bones in each foot situated between the lower end of tibia and fibula of the lower leg and the metatarsus

A

Tarsals

179
Q

Define

Patella

A

a thick flat triangular movable bone that forms the anterior point of the knee and protects the front of the joint

180
Q

What shape classification is given to this bone?

A

Irregular bone

181
Q

Definition

either of a pair of large triangular bones lying one in each dorsal lateral part of the thorax

A

Scapula

182
Q

Definition

any of the bones of the foot

A

Metatarsals

183
Q

Definition

similar in appearance or function but otherwise different

A

Analogy

184
Q

True or False:

A diarthrosis joint is more moveable than a synarthrosis joint

A

True

185
Q

Definition

The study of the structure of cells, tissues, and organs of the body as seen with a microscope

A

Microscopic anatomy

186
Q

Define

Homologous structures

A

The definition of a homologous structure is an organ or body part that appears in different animals and is similar in structure and location, but doesn’t necessarily share the same purpose

187
Q

What shape classification is given to this bone?

A

Short bones

188
Q

Definition

the part of the skeleton that consists of the bones of the head and trunk of a vertebrate

A

Axial skeleton

189
Q

Define

Elastic cartilage

A

a type of cartilage present in the outer ear, Eustachian tube and epiglottis. It contains elastic fiber networks and collagen type II fibers. The principal protein is elastin

190
Q
A
191
Q

Definition

the bone of the upper arm or forelimb, forming joints at the shoulder and the elbow

A

Humerus

192
Q

Definition

an opening, hole, or passage, especially in a bone

A

Foramen

193
Q

Definition

dense bone in which the bony matrix is solidly filled with organic ground substance and inorganic salts, leaving only tiny spaces (lacunae) that contain the osteocytes, or bone cells

A

Compact bone

194
Q

Define

Thoracic spine

A

the portion of the spine that have very little motion because they are firmly attached to the ribs and sternum

195
Q

Define

Fibrous joints

A

joints that are connected by dense connective tissue consisting mainly of collagen. These joints are also called fixed or immovable joints because they do not move

196
Q

Which bones are considered as part of the forearm?

A

Radius

Ulna

197
Q

Definition

an ovoid articular surface, or condyle that is received into an elliptical cavity. This permits movement in two planes, allowing flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction

A

Condylar joints

198
Q

Which bones are considered as part of the foot?

A

Tarsal bones

Metatarsal bones

Phalanges

199
Q

Define

Metaphysis

A

the narrow portion of a long bone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis

200
Q

Define

Head (of bone)

A

the prominent rounded surface of the (usually) proximal bone

201
Q

Definition

a bone of the shoulder girdle typically serving to link the scapula and sternum

A

Clavicle

202
Q

Definition

any of two bony protuberances by which muscles are attached to the upper part of the thigh bone

A

Trochanter

203
Q

Definition

a natural or manufactured joint or coupling, such as the hip joint, in which a partially spherical end lies in a socket, allowing multidirectional movement and rotation

A

Ball-and-socket joints

204
Q

Definition

a bone joint in which the particular surfaces are molded to each other in such a manner as to permit motion only in one plane

A

Hinge joint

205
Q

Define

Axial skeleton

A

the part of the skeleton that consists of the bones of the head and trunk of a vertebrate

206
Q

Define

Synovial fluid

A

a viscous, non-Newtonian fluid found in the cavities of synovial joints

207
Q

___________: the matrix contains closely packed collagen fibers. It supports tissue and organs, and is a model for bone development

___________: it contains numerous elastic fibers that make it extremely resilient and flexible

___________: has little ground substance and its matrix is dominated by densely interwoven collagen fibers, making this tissue extremely durable and tough

A

Hyaline cartilage: the matrix contains closely packed collagen fibers. It supports tissue and organs, and is a model for bone development

Elastic cartilage: it contains numerous elastic fibers that make it extremely resilient and flexible

Fibrocartilage: has little ground substance and its matrix is dominated by densely interwoven collagen fibers, making this tissue extremely durable and tough

208
Q

Definition

the part of the body of a mammal between the neck and the abdomen, including the cavity enclosed by the ribs, breastbone, and dorsal vertebrae, and containing the chief organs of circulation and respiration; the chest

A

Thorax

209
Q

Definition

the skeletal framework which provides attachment for the forelimbs or pectoral fins, usually consisting of the scapulas and clavicles

A

Pectorial girdle

210
Q

Define

Osseous tissue

A

a type of dense connective tissue. It has a honeycomb-like matrix internally, which helps to give the bone rigidity

211
Q

Define

Coccyx

A

a small triangular bone at the base of the spinal column in humans and some apes, formed of fused vestigial vertebrae

212
Q

Define

Carpals

A

the eight small bones that make up the wrist that connects the hand to the forearm

213
Q

Definition

tissue characterized by or associated with a lack of blood vessels

A

Avascular tissue

214
Q

Definition

an immovably fixed joint between bones connected by fibrous tissue (for example, the sutures of the skull)

A

Synarthrosis

215
Q

Definition

the section of bone between the head and the shaft

A

Neck (of bone)

216
Q

Definition

a viscous, non-Newtonian fluid found in the cavities of synovial joints

A

Synovial fluid

217
Q

What is an example of a condylar joint?

A

The wrist

218
Q

What shape classification is given to these bones?

A

Long bones

219
Q

Define

Diaphysis

A

the shaft or central part of a long bone

#NUR1114 Bioscience (12 decks)

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