Skeletal System

Question 0

Short bone

Answer 0

• generally short and cube shaped

- contain mostly spongey bone

Question 1

Long bone

Answer 1

• typically longer than they are wide
• have a shaft with heads at both ends
• contain mostly compact bone

Question 2

Flat bone

Answer 2

-thin, flattened and usually curved
-2 thin layers of compact bone surround a layer of spongey bone
(Skull, ribs, sternum)

Question 3

Irregular bone

Answer 3

-irregular shape
-dont fit into other bone classification categories
(Vertebrae, hip bones)

Question 4

Diaphysis (anatomy of a long bone)

Answer 4

• shaft

- composed of compact bone

Question 5

Periosteum

Answer 5

• outside covering of the diaphysis

- fibrous connective tissue

Question 6

Epiphysis (anatomy of a long bone)

Answer 6

• ends of the bone

- composed mostly of spongy bone

Question 7

Arteries (anatomy of a long bone)

Answer 7

-supply bone cells with nutrients

Question 8

Osteon (haversian system)

Answer 8

a unit of bone containing central canal and matrix rings

Question 9

Central (haversian) canal

Answer 9

• opening in the center of an osteon

- carries blood vessels and nerves

Question 10

Perforating (volkmans) canal

Answer 10

• canal perpendicular to the central canal

- carries blood vessels and nerves

Question 11

Osteocytes

Answer 11

Mature bone cells

Question 12

Osteoblasts

Answer 12

Bone forming cells

Question 13

When osteoclasts are greater than osteoblasts…

Answer 13

= osteoporosis

Question 14

Osteoclasts destroying cells

Answer 14

Break down bone matrix for remodeling and release of calcium in response to parathyroid hormone

Question 15

Step one of repair of bone fractures

**

Answer 15

Hematoma (blood filled swelling) is formed ((surrounds fracture))

Question 16

Step two of repair of bone fracture ***

Answer 16

Break is splinted by fibrocartilage to form a callus

Question 17

Step three of repair of bone fractures **

Answer 17

Fibrocartilage callus is replaced by a bony callus

Question 18

Step four of repair of bone fractures **

Answer 18

Bony callus is remodeled to form a permanent patch

Question 19

Axial skeleton divided into 3 parts **

Answer 19

Skull
Bony thorax/ribs
Vertebral column

Question 20

Bone movement is determined by **

Answer 20

Shape of bone and structure of joint

Question 21

Vertebral column ** cervicle

Answer 21

7 neck

Question 22

Vertebral column thoracic **

Answer 22

12 chest region (connect to ribs)

Question 23

Vertebral column lumbar **

Answer 23

Lower back

Question 24

9 vertebrae fused to form two composite bones (2) **

Answer 24

Sacrum (5): formed by the fusion of five vertebrae

Coccyx (4): tailbone

Question 25

True ribs **

Answer 25

Pairs 1-7 (7) attach to sternum

Question 26

False ribs **

Answer 26

pairs 8-12 (5) don’t directly attach to sternum

Question 27

Floating ribs **

Answer 27

(11-12) 2 of 5 false no attachment to sternum