Integumentary

Question 0

Skin Function: Protection: UV Radiation

Answer 0

Melanocytes make us tan & help protect us from damage by sun

Question 1

Skin functions: Protection: bacteria

Answer 1

If skin is unbroken, it keeps out our bacteria by secreting anti bacterial agents which keep bacteria out

Question 2

Skin Functions: Protection: Mechanical

Answer 2

Cushions blows, alerts nervous system to pain. If it is unbroken, it inhibits bacteria from penetrating body

Question 3

Skin functions: protection: chemical

Answer 3

Has relatively impermeable cells, contain pain receptors that alert the nervous system to possible damage

Question 4

Skin functions

Answer 4

Protection
Vitamin D
Temperature Regulation
Excretion

Question 5

Temperature regulation

Answer 5

Swearing keeps us cool and capillaries in the skin can allow blood to flush to release heat (blushing) or restrict blood flow to keep us warm
Vaso constriction: keeps heat in
Vaso dilation: keeps us cool
Goosebumps

Question 6

Vaso constriction

Answer 6

Keeps heat in

Question 7

Vase dilation

Answer 7

Keeps us cool

Question 8

Excretion

Answer 8

Sweating releases urea

Question 9

Vitamin D production

Answer 9

In the skin, cholesterol is converted to vitamin D

Question 10

Epidermis

Answer 10

Stratified squamous epithelium
Often keratinized (hardened by keratin)

Question 11

Dermis

Answer 11

Dense connective tissue

Contains almost all appendages

Question 12

Subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis) deep to the dermis

Answer 12

Not part of the skin
Anchors skin to underlying organs
Composed mostly of adipose tissue

Question 13

Epidermis layers deep to artificial

Answer 13

Stratum basale
              Spinosum
              Granulosum
              Lucidum
              Corneum

Question 14

Stratum basale

Answer 14

Deepest layer of epidermis
Lies next to dermis
Cells undergoing mitosis
Daughter cells are pushed upward to become the more superficial layers

Question 15

Stratum lucidum

Answer 15

Occurs only in thick, hairless skin of the palms and soles of feet

Question 16

Stratum corneum

Answer 16

Outermost layer of epidermis

Shingle like dead cells are filled with keratin (protective protein prevents water loss from skin)

Question 17

Two layers of the dermis

Answer 17

Papillary (upper layer)

Reticular (deepest skin layer)

Question 18

Normal skin color determinants ***

Answer 18

Melanin: yellow brown or black pigments (darkness)
Carotene: orange/yellow pigment from some vegetables
Hemoglobin: red from blood cells in dermal

Question 19

Skin appendages are found in

Answer 19

the dermis

Question 20

Sebaceous glands

Answer 20

Most have ducts that empty into hair follicles while others open directly onto skin surface
Glands are activated at puberty
Produce oil

Question 21

Arrector pili muscle

Answer 21

Smooth muscle

Pulls hair upright when cold or frightened (goosebumps)

Question 22

First degree burns

Answer 22

Only epidermis is damaged

Skin is red and swollen

Question 23

Second degree burns

Answer 23

Epidermis and upper dermis are damaged

Skin is red with blisters

Question 24

Third degree

Answer 24

Destroys entire skin layer | Burn is gray-white or black

Question 25

Malignant melanoma ***

Answer 25

Most deadly skin cancer | Cancer of melanocytes

Question 26

ABCD rule ***

Answer 26

A: Asymmetry: two sides of mole do not match B: Border Irregularity: not smooth edges C: Color: different colors in pigmented area D: Diameter: spot is larger than 6 mm in diameter

Question 27

Skin Barriers: Physical ***

Answer 27

Hardness (keratin) | Melanin (natural sun block)

Question 28

Skin barriers: chemical ***

Answer 28

Secretes oil (sebum controls bacteria)

Question 29

Skin barriers: biological ***

Answer 29

Immune system Blood storage Vitamin D production

Question 30

What is sebum

Answer 30

Mixture of oily substances (oil)

Question 31

What is the sebaceous gland

Answer 31

Oil gland found in the dermis

Question 32

What is the sudoriforeous gland (eccrine)

Answer 32

Sweat gland found that produces perspiration

Question 33

What is keratin

Answer 33

Protective protein that has waterproof properties, hardening protein

Question 34

Melanin

Answer 34

Skin color, natural sun block

Question 35

Describe two ways skin controls body temp

Answer 35

Sweating; it evaporates and cools air

Question 36

Goosebumps

Answer 36

Arrector pili muscle pull on hair follicle-hair stands up hairs trap warm air against the skin

Question 37

1 characteristic of epidermis and dermis

Answer 37

Epidermis: superficial and epithelium Dermis: deep connective

Question 38

Epidermis is

Answer 38

Avascular

Question 39

Dermis is

Answer 39

Vascular