Digestive System Flashcards
Absorption
Movement of nutrients into the bloodstream
Ingestion
Taking in food
Defecation
Rids the body of indigestible waste
Mechanical digestion
Breaking down physically
Chemical digestion
Break down chemically
Alimentary canal (GI tract)
Continuous hollow tube that runs from mouth to anus
Accessory digestive organs
Organs that the food doesn’t directly enter but helps with digestion
Ex: liver, pancreas
Organs of the alimentary canal
Mouth to pharynx to esophagus to stomach to small intestine to large intestine to anus
Mouth anatomy: lips
Protect anterior opening
Mouth anatomy: cheeks
Form the lateral walls
Mouth anatomy: hard palate
Forms anterior roof
Mouth anatomy: soft palate
Forms posterior roof
Mouth anatomy: uvula
Fleshy projection of the soft palate
Mouth anatomy: tongue
Attached at hyoid bone and styloid processes of the skull and by the lingual frenulum to the floor of the mouth
Mouth anatomy: tonsils
Palatine lingual
Pharynx physiology
Serves as a common passageway for air and food
Pharynx physiology
Serves as a common passageway for air and food
Esophagus: Anatomy
About 10 in long
Runs from pharynx to stomach through the diaphragm
Esophagus: physiology
Conducts for peristalsis (slow rhythm squeezing)
Passageway for food only (respiratory system branches off after the pharynx)
Stomach anatomy
Located on the left side of the abdominal cavity
Food enters at the cardiac sphincter (valve)
Food empties into the small intestine at the pyloric sphincter (valve)
Regions of the stomach
Cardiac region
Fundus
Body
Pylorus
Cardiac region
near the heart
Fundus
Expanded portion lateral to the cardiac region
Body
Mid portion