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anatomy and physiology > skeletal system > Flashcards

skeletal system Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function of the skeletal system ?

A

protection, movement, produces minerals, produces blood cell, framework/structure

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2
Q

what are the two types of skeletons ?

A

axial and appendicular

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3
Q

how many bones does an adult skeleton have ?

A

206

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4
Q

what is the job of axial bones and how many are there ?

A

80 which are for mainly protecting vital organs

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5
Q

what is the job of appendicular bones and how many are there ?

A

126 which mainly provide the ability to move

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6
Q

what are the different type of bones ?

A

long, short, flat, irregular and sesamoid

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7
Q

what are the long bones function ?

A

for movement

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8
Q

what are the long bones ?

A

femur, humerus, phalange and ulna

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9
Q

what are the function of short bones ?

A

for strength

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10
Q

what are the short bones ?

A

tarsals and carpals

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11
Q

what is the function of flat bones ?

A

protect vital organs

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12
Q

what are the flat bones ?

A

clavicle, sternum, ribs, cranium

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13
Q

what is the function of sesamoid bones ?

A

embedded in the tendon, helps assist the tendon in strength, movement while protecting it from excessive wear and tear

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14
Q

what are the sesamoid bones ?

A

patella

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15
Q

what is the function of the irregular bones ?

A

provide muscle attachment, protect rival organs and support, shape and size depends on the level of pressure taken

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16
Q

what is the end and bottom of a long bone called ?

A

epiphysis

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17
Q

what is the middle of a long bone called ?

A

diaphysis

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18
Q

how many separate vertebrae column and separate areas ?

A

33

19
Q

what is the function of epiphysis ?

A

provides attachment sites for muscle attachment and joins with other bones to create joints

20
Q

what is the function of diaphysis ?

A

contains the medullary cavity storing yellow bone marrow and provides leverage for body movement

21
Q

where is the periosteum of the bone ?

A

surrounds bone surface along diaphysis

22
Q

what is the function of the periosteum ?

A

provides site for ligament/ tendon attachment

23
Q

where is the articular cartilage ?

A

covers articular surfaces of bones- epiphysis

24
Q

what is the function of the articular cartilage ?

A

protects bone form wear and tear in the joint as it reduces friction and absorbs shock

25
Q

what is the function of the cancellous/ spongey bone ?

A

stores red bone marrow which produces red white blood cells and platelets.

26
Q

what is the function of the compact bone ?

A

gives bone its strength and resists stresses produced by weight and movement

27
Q

what is the function of the medullary cavity (Diaphysis) ?

A

contains fatty yellow bone marrow and blood vessels

28
Q

what is the function of the growth plate ?

A

a layer of hyaline cartilage that allows diaphysis to grow in length.

cartilage cells stop dividing in early adulthood, where it is replaced with bonew

29
Q

what are the types of synovial joints

A

ball and socket, hinge, saddle, condyloid, planar(gliding) and pivot

30
Q

when is the age that it all stops fully growing

A

25

31
Q

how many vertebrae do you have in the cervical region

A

7

32
Q

how many vertebrae do the thoracic region have

A

12

33
Q

how many vertebrae do the lumbar region have

A

5

34
Q

how many vertebrae do the sacral region have

A

1 (5 fused)

35
Q

how many vertebrae do the coccygeal have

A

1 (4 fused)

36
Q

what does the medullary cavity contain

A

fatty yellow bone marrow and blood vessels

37
Q

what are the two ends of the bone called

A

epiphysis

38
Q

what is just after the epiphysis

A

epyphysIal growth plate (metaphysics)

39
Q

what covers the end of the bone

A

articular cartilage

40
Q

what is the shaft of the bone called

A

diaphysis

41
Q

what is stored in the spongy bone

A

red bone marrow

42
Q

what does red bone marrow do

A

it produces red blood/white blood cells and platelets

43
Q

what are most short, flat, irregular and the epiphysis of a long bone primary made of

A

cancellous/ spongey bone

44
Q

what does the epiphysis do

A

provides attachment site for muscle attachment and joins with other bones to create joints

anatomy and physiology (19 decks)

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