Skeletal System Flashcards
What are fibrous joints?
Immovable, joints, such as ones that are found in the skull and pelvis which interlock bones for stability
What are cartilaginous joints?
Slightly movable joints, which feature cartilage in their structure, they have some range of movement, not extensive
For example, joints in the spine where relative joint movement is minimal, but the overall structure has good mobility
What are synovial joint?
Freely movable joints, which have considerable range of motion and are instrumental in our ability to move
What are examples of synovial joints?
Knee
Elbow
Hip
Shoulder
What are characteristics of Arsenal veal joint share?
Enclosed by ligaments
Synovial membrane is housed within the joint capsule to secret synovial fluid
Feature a joint capsule that surrounds the entire structure
Features articular cartilage at the end of bones,

What are the different types of synovial joints? 
Gliding
Hinge
Ball and socket
Pivot
Saddle
Condyloid
What is a gliding joint?
Offers the ability for two surfaces to slide past each other
Instrumental to move our upper body
What is a hinge joint
Offers only flexion and extension in a large range of motion around a single plane of movement
Examples in hinge joints
Knee and elbow
What is a pivot synovial joint?
Design to Allows rotation
What is a pivot synovial joint?
Design to Allows rotation
What is a condyloid synovial joint?
Similar in structure and function to a Hinge joint on a smaller scale
Example is the knuckle
What is the synovial saddle joint?
It has a shallow groove, which allows for a wide range of movement in almost all planes of motion

What are the joint actions in the spine?
Flexion
Extension
Lateral flexion
Rotation
What are the joint actions of the shoulder and hip?
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Medial rotation
Lateral rotation
What are the joint actions of the ankle?
Plantarflexion
Dorsiflexion
Inversion
Eversion
Joint actions of the knee
Flexion
Extension
Medial rotation
Lateral rotation
What are the joint actions of the elbow?
Flexion
Extension
Pronation
Supination
What are the joint actions of the shoulder girdle?
Elevation
Depression
Protraction
Retraction
What are the three different planes?
Sagittal
Frontal
Transverse
What is rotation?
To turn on an axis either internally or externally
What is plantarflexion?
Pointing the toes away from the shin
What is Dorsiflexion?
Bringing the toes up towards the shin
What is inversion?
Sole of foot facing inwards
What is a eversion?
Sole of foot facing outwards
What is pronation?
Downward facing
What is supination?
Upward facing
What is protraction?
Forward movement
What is retraction?
Backward movement
What is circumduction?
Move in a circular fashion
What is adduction?
Move towards the midline of the body
What is abduction?
Move away from the midline of the body
What is horizontal extension?
Increasing of an angle in a horizontal plane
What is horizontal flexion?
Narrowing of an angle in a horizontal plane
What is elevation and depression?
Elevation is raising up
Depression is dropping down
What is a lateral flexion?
Bending to the side
What is a lateral extension?
Returning from a position of lateral flexion to anatomical position
What is extension?
Increasing an angle or extension
Example is tricep extension or leg extension
Straightening out a arm or a limb. This could include past the midline so backwards like the backward part of an arm rotation. 
What is flexion?
Narrowing an angle
Example, leg, curl or bicep curl
What movement is involved in the transverse plane
Rotation or twisting
Example, Russian twist
What movement is involved for the frontal plane?
Side to side movement with no forward or backward movement
Examples include lateral raise shoulder press and lat pulldown
What is the sagittal plane?
Any exercise involving forwards or backwards flexion and extension movement as it relates to the moving joints
