Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Personal Training > Muscular System > Flashcards

Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three types of muscle we have?

A

Cardiac
Smooth
Skeletal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the cardiac muscle?

A

Also known as myocardium it is the muscle tissue within the heart itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is smooth muscle?

A

Generally reserved for the walls of the arteries, the digestive system reproductive system and urinary tract. It is the most diverse muscular tissue in the body movement and contraction in wave like fashions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is skeletal muscle?

A

Primarily responsible for locomotion/movement majority of the muscles in the bottle are skeletal muscles, helps to transport blood and substrate within, and throughout the body and generates heat through movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are muscle properties?

A

Elasticity
Contractility
electric excitability
Extensibility
Adaptable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why is it important for my supposed to be elastic?

A

To extend and recoil to its original length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why must muscles be adaptable?

A

Respond, overtime to stimulus such as atrophy or hypertrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What muscles are on the anterior of the body?

A

Deltoid
Pectorals
Bicep
Obliques
Recuts Abdominis
Abductor
Transversus abdominis
Adductor
Hip Flexor
Quadriceps
Tibial is anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What muscles are in your posterior

A

Trapezius
Rhomboidal
Tricep
Erector Spinae
Latissimus Dorsi
Glutes
Hamstring
Gastrocnemius
Soleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

A

Type one slow twitch
Type 2a fast twitch intermediate
Type 2b fast twitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the characteristics of slow twitch muscle fibres?

A

The predominant fibre type needed for long distance, events, like endurance they are slow to contract and slow to fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the characteristics of a fast which intermediate muscle fibre

A

Type 2a muscle fiber support, both type one and type b fast twitch and slow twitch beyond their capacity



How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the characteristics of fast twitch muscle fibres?

A

Recruited for all out maximum efforts, such as hundred meter sprint or 1 to 5 rep range

High intensity and quickly fatigue due to the low numbers of mitochondria and capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does eccentric mean?

A

Muscle lengthening under tension

Example the lowering phase of a squat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is isometric?

A

The muscle create force, but no change in length

Such as a plank

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does concentric mean?

A

Muscle shortening under tension

Such as the upward phase of a bicep curl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the agonist

A

The target muscle/prime mover

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the antagonist

A

Opposing muscle must lengthen for the agonist to shorten

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a fixator

A

Muscle that stabilises the movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a synergistic

A

Muscle that helps the agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the action of the anterior deltoid and which joint does it cross?

A

Flex and medially rotate the humerus

Crosses the shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the action and joint crossed of the middle deltoid?

A

Abduct the humerus at the shoulder joint

Shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the posterior deltoid?

A

Extend and laterally rotate the humerus
Shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the action and joint crossed of the pectoral major?

A

Abduct and medially rotates the humerus

Flexes and medially rotate the shoulder joint

Horizontally adducts the shoulder joint

Crosses the shoulder joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the action
And joint crossed of the biceps

A

Flex the elbow

Crosses the shoulder and elbow joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What joint does the rectus abdominous cross and what is the action?

A

Flex the spine

Lumber and thoracic vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What joint does the oblique cross and what is the action?

A

vertebrae

Lateral flexion and compresses abdomen

28
Q

What is the transverse abdominous? What joint does it cross? What is the action?

A

Compresses the abdomen, providing support

Crosses the lumbar vertebrae

29
Q

What does the abductor do and what joint does it cross?

A

It crosses the hip joint

Abducts the femur at the hip joint

30
Q

What is the adductor? What joint does it cross and what is the action?

A

Adduct the femur at the hip joint and crosses the hip joint

31
Q

What joint does the hip flexor cross and what is the action

A

Flexes the hip joint and crosses the hip joint 

32
Q

What is the action of the quadriceps and what joint does it cross?

A

Crosses the hip and knee joint

Extend the knee and flexes the hip

33
Q

What does the Tibialis anterior cross the joint and the action?

A

Ankle dorsiflexion

Crosses the ankle joint

34
Q

What is the Soleus and what joint does it cross?

A

Plantar flexion at the ankle and crosses the ankle joint

35
Q

What does the Gastrocnemius joint cross?

A

Crosses the knee and ankle joint and has planter flexion at the ankle

36
Q

What is the hamstring? What joint does it cross and what is the action of it?

A

Crosses the hip and me and

flexes the knee and extend the hip

37
Q

What is the gluteus maximus what joint does it cross and what is the action?

A

Crosses the hip joint

Extend the hip and laterally rotate the hip

38
Q

What is the erector spinae what is the action and what joints does it cross?

A
39
Q

What is the Latissimus Dorsi what is the action and what joint does it cross?

A

Crosses the shoulder joint

extend flexed arm and adducts and medially rotate the humerus

40
Q

What is the triceps brachii? What joint does it cross and what is the action?

A

Crosses the elbow and shoulder joint

Extend the elbow

41
Q

What are the rhomboids? What joint do they cross and what is the action?

A

Crosses the shoulder girdle

Retracts the scapula

42
Q

What is the upper trapezius? What joint do they cross and what is the action?

A

Crosses the shoulder girdle and has elevation of the shoulder girdle

43
Q

What is the middle trapezius? What joint does it cross and what is the action?

A

Crosses the shoulder girdle and retract the scapula

44
Q

What is the lower trapezius? What joint does it cross and what is the action?

A

Cross as a shoulder girdle and depresses the scapula

45
Q

What are the muscles in the quadriceps and where are they?

A

Vastus intermedius
Tensor fasciae latae
Rectus femoris
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus medialis

46
Q

What are the muscles in the hamstrings?

A

Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

47
Q

What is the difference between? Medial and lateral rotation.

A

Rotation only occurs at the hip (femur) and shoulder (humerus)

Medial rotate inwards
Lateral rotate outwards 

48
Q

What is circumduction?

A

A circular motion like shoulder rolls or hips openers where the joint flexion/abduction ad extension/adducting

49
Q

What is abduction?

A

Movement away from the midline (body) an example, would be raising your hand or leg

50
Q

What is adduction?

A

Movement toward the midline (body)

51
Q

What is the difference between abduction and adduction?

A

Abduction is away from the midline. An alien is pulling you away from your body.

Adduction is towards the midline, you are adding to your body

52
Q

What is flexion?

A

A decrease between two joints, and example, would be a bicep curl or a leg curl

53
Q

What is extension?

A

Increasing the angle between two joints, so straightening your arm out from a bicep curl 

54
Q

Muscle of the triceps
Movement of joint
Inseration
Origin

A

(Biceps relax when straightening triceps)
Extend the elbow joint
Origin proximal/end part of the humerus
Inseration proximal/end part of the ulna

55
Q

Deltoids (muscles)
Movement
Inseration
Origin

A

(Anterior/medial/posterior)
Shoulder muscles
Abduct/lift arms

Origin clavicle/sternum
Inseration humerus

56
Q

Latissimus Dorsi (muscle)
Movement
Origin
Inseration
Antagonist
Agonist

A

Antagonist Pectoralis Major/deltoid
Agonist teres major
Origin lumbar spine/ribs
Laterally rotates shoulder back (posterially)

57
Q

Trapezius
(Muscles)
Origin
insertion
Movement

A

Superior/middle/inferior
Neck/ shoulder area
Origin thoracic and cervical spine and base of the skull
Insertion clavicle in the scapula 

58
Q

Rectus abdominous
Origin
Insortation
Movement

A

(Abs)
Bends/flexes the spine
Origin pubis bone
Inseration sternum/costal cartilage is of the ribs

59
Q

External oblique
Insertion
Origin
Movement 

A

Can contract one at a time
Origin pelvis
Inseration ribs

60
Q

Gluteus maximus
Origin
Insertion
Movement

A

Extends/adducts
Origin pelvis,
Insert on the femur 

61
Q

(hamstrings)
Muscles
Origin
Inseration
Movement
Antagonist

A

Bicep femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus
Flex/bend the knee joint
Origin pelvis/femur
insertion, tibia/fibula
Antagonist quadriceps 

62
Q

Quadriceps
Muscles
Origin
Insertion
Movement
Antagonist

A

Vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis, rectus femoris
extension/straighten the knee
Origin, pelvis and femur
Insertion, patella and fibula
Antagonist hamstrings 

63
Q

Sartorius
Origin
Insertion
Movement
Antagonist

A

Longus muscle in the body
Rotate the knee laterally /away from body
orgin pelvis
Insertion tibia
Antagonist quads, 

64
Q

Gastrocnemius
Origin
Insertion
Movement
Antagonist h

A

Origin femur
Insertion heel
plantar flexion
Antagonist tibialis anterior 

65
Q

Tibialis anterior
Movement
Origin
Insertion

A

Dorsiflexion
Origin tibia
Insertion foot metatarsal

Personal Training (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions