Skeletal Flashcards
How many bones do we have?
206
You already know the spine
Cervical/Thoracic/Lumbar/Sacrum/Coccyx
Name the bones of the skull and their locations
- Frontal – forms the forehead
- Parietal – the upper lateral sides of the cranium
- Occipital – the posterior skull and base of the cranial cavity
- Temporal – the lower lateral sides of the cranium
- Sphenoid -the ‘keystone’ bone that forms part of the base of the skull and eye sockets
- Ethmoid – forms part of the nose and orbit and base of the cranium
- Auditory ossicles – the small bones of the middle ear
- External auditory meatus – the external opening of the ear and temporal bone
What is housed in the Axial Skeleton?
Head, Neck, Chest, and Back. Protects brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs. Of course for muscles that that attach to these places
80 bones
Skull
Vertebral Column
Thoracic Cage
12 sets of ribs - what are they?
- 7 true ribs – they are attached to the front of the sternum
- 3 false ribs – they are attached to the cartilage that joins the sternum
- 2 floating ribs – they are not attached to the front of the sternum
Name the bones of the face and their location
- Zygomatic – the cheekbone
- Maxillary – the upper jaw and hard palate
- Palatine – the lateral walls of the nose
- Lacrimal – the walls of the orbit
- Inferior conchae – the lower lateral wall of the nasal cavity
- Vomer – the bone that separates the left and right nasal cavity
- Mandible – the lower jaw bone (the only movable bone of the skull)
- Hyoid – the bone located between the mandible and larynx, not connected to other bones
3 parts of the sternum
- manubrium – the upper portion of the breast bone
- body – the middle portion of the breast bone
- xiphoid process – the lower portion of the breast bone and is made up of cartilage
Appendicular Skeleton what is it?
All upper and lower limb bones that attach to the axial skeleton. 126 if you’re wondering.
Bones of the pectoral girdle
- Scapula – the shoulder blades
- Clavicle – the collarbone, which connects the sternum to the scapula
- Acromion – the extension that forms the bony point of the shoulder
Bones of the wrist and hand
- Carpals – the wrist bones
- Metacarpals – the bones in the palm
- Phalanges – the finger and toe bones
Bones of the pelvic region
- Pelvic girdle – the hip or coxal bone; it is formed by the fusion of three bones during adolescence
- Illium – the largest part of the hip bone
- Ischium – the lower portion of pelvic girdle
- Pubis – the anterior portion of pelvic girdle
- Pelvis – consists of four bones: the left and right hip bones as well as the sacrum and coccyx
- Acetabulum – the large socket in the pelvic bones that holds the head of the femur
Bones of the leg
- Femur – the thigh bone and is also referred to as the upper leg bone; it is the longest and strongest bone in the human body
- Patella – the kneecap
- Tibia – the shin bone; it is a medial bone and the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg
- Fibula – the smaller of the lower leg bones (see Figure 6.6)
Bones of the ankle and foot
- Tarsals – the ankle bones (7 total)
- Malleolus – the bony protrusions of the ankle bones
- Talus – the superior ankle bones
- Calcaneus – the heel bones
- Metatarsals – the foot bones
- Phalanges – the bones of the toes (see Figure 6.7)
Two Types of Bone Marrow, what do they do
Red = produces red blood cells through hematopoiesis
Yellow = Adipose tissue, source of energy
What minerals do the skeletal system house?
Calcium and phosphate
Articulations
Joints (bone meet bone)
Synarthrosis
Joints allow no movement (skull)
Amphiarthrosis
Joints allow some movement (pubic symphysis)
Diarthrosis
Joints allows free movement (knee)
Cartilage
the elastic connective tissue that is found at the ends of bones, nose tip, et cetera
Synovial Membrane
the lining or covering of synovial joints
Sagittal Plane Movements
Flex/Ext
Frontal Plane Movements
Abd/Add
Circumduction
Movement of a body region in a circular manner