Sinuses Flashcards
What are the paranasal sinuses?
Frontal
Maxillary
Ethmoidal
Sphenoidal
What are the ethmoidal sinuses?
Anterior
Middle
Posterior
What drains into the superior meatus?
Posterior ethmoidal sinuses
What drains into the middle meatus?
Anterior and middle,d ethmoidal sinuses
Frontal sinuses
Maxillary sinuses
What drains into the inferior meatus?
No sinuses but the nasolacrimal duct
What drains into the sphenoethmoidal duct?
Sphenoidal air sinus
A = hypophyseal fossa
B = sphenoid sinus
Frontal sinus
What is the role of the frontal sinus?
Insulate the brain
Ethmoidal sinuses
A = middle concha
B = inferior concha
Why can’t you see the inferior concha?
It is situated more posteriorly
Maxillary sinus
Frontal sinus
Maxillary sinus
Can an infection from the teeth/pulp cause infection elsewhere?
Yes, in the maxillary sinus
Sinusitis
What nerve is this and is it a branch of?
The Infraorbital nerve, branch of the maxillary nerve
Mastoid air cells
Ethmoidal sinuses
Sphenoidal sinus
Hyosemilunaris of the maxillary sinus
What are the growth stages of the frontal and maxillary sinus?
1, 4, 7, 12 then an adult frontal/ maxillary sinus
What can happen if you remove this tooth in a late adult?
Oral-antral fistula
What scan is this?
CT
A = ethmoidal
B = ethmoidal
C = conchae
D = middle conchae
E = septum
F = inferior conchae
G = maxillary sinus
H = uncinate process
Why does the maxillary sinus block easily?
It’s a small opening for infection to drain
Infraorbital ethmoidal cells or haller cells
If someone has a headache, what could cause this?
Pain in forehead, as frontal sinus is infected
Nasolacrimal duct
A = nasolacrimal duct
B = infratemporal fossa
C = nasopharyngeal
D = pterygopalatine fossa
E = maxillary sinus
F = conchae
A = Lamina papyracea
B = ethmoid
C = sphenoid
D = middle crania fossa
What do the ‘Xs’ indicate?
Potential areas of obstruction
What complex is shown?
Ostiomeatal complex
What do the arrows indicate?
Show direction of mucociliary clearance
What does A represent?
Anterior ethmoidal artery
Why is A important?
Important in endoscopic sinus surgery
What is shown in this x-ray?
Fluid in maxillary sinuses
Sinusitis
Does A or B have fluid build up?
B
This patient has sinusitis, how do you know?
Patient has chronic sinusitis
The lining of the muscles membrane is irregular (usually smooth)
Granulation issues
Ethmoidal sinus is also blocked
Opening of maxillary sinus also blocked
What type of sinusitis is shown here?
Maxillary sinusitis
What type of scan has been taken?
Coronal CT
If the right maxillary sinus is not blocked due to fluid, why is it fully blocked?
It can be a growth
Abnormal soft tissue extending through through infundibulum
Polyposis or inverted papilloma
What is shown in this CT scan? (Black arrow)
Cancer (chondrosarcom)
What is shown in this CT scan? (White arrows)
Arrow head = Intracranial extension is seen along right cavernous sinus
White arrow = right cerebellopontine angle
What has occurred here?
Inverted papilloma
What has occurred here?
Chindrosarcoma