Neuroanatomy - CNS 3

Question 1

Where is CSF formed?

Answer 1

Choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle

Question 2

Describe CSF

Answer 2

Clear, alkaline, transparent

Question 3

Is CSF made in other ventricles apart from the lateral ventricle?

Answer 3

Yes, 3rd and 4th ventricles

Question 4

Where does the CSF pass from and to?

Answer 4

Passes from the lateral ventricle to the third ventricle through the inter ventricular foramen

Question 5

From the third ventricle where does the CSF
pass through?

Answer 5

Through the cerebral aqueduct to the fourth ventricle

Question 6

What aids is the circulation of the CSF from the 3rd to 4th ventricle?

Answer 6

Arterial pulsations of the choroid plexus

Question 7

When the CSF is in the 4th ventricle, where does it pass to?

Answer 7

Subarachnoid space (venous), eventually to the IJV

Question 8

Answer 8

A = choroid plexus
B = inter ventricular formamen

Question 9

What is the role of the blood brain barrier?

Answer 9

Helps maintain stable environment for the brain and prevents harmful amino acids and ions present in the bloodstream and blood cells from entering the brain

Question 10

What does the blood brain barrier play a major role in?

Answer 10

Drug delivery to CNS

Question 11

What do drugs have to be to be delivered through blood brain barrier?

Answer 11

Lipid soluble or use suitable vector

Question 12

What type of cell is an astrocyte?

Answer 12

Glial cell

Question 13

What is the role of gyri?

Answer 13

Increase surface area of brain

Question 14

What are the main sulci?

Answer 14

Central

Parietal-occipital

Lateral

Question 15

Answer 15

A = grey
B = white

Question 16

Why is grey matter grey?

Answer 16

Consisted of nerve cells

Question 17

Why is white matter white?

Answer 17

Mylenated nerve fibres (axons)

Question 18

What are the 3 types of white matter fibres?

Answer 18

Commissural fibres

Association fibres

Projection fibres

Question 19

What is the main commissural fibres?

Answer 19

Corpus collossum

Question 20

What are the association fibres?

Answer 20

Connect associated areas e.g. hearing and speech

Question 21

In the spinal cord, is grey or white matter on the outside?

Answer 21

White on outside

Question 22

Name the commissural fibres

Answer 22

Corpus collosum

Fornix

Anterior and posterior commissures

Question 23

What are the divisions of the corpus collosum?

Answer 23

Rostrum

Genu body

Splenium

Question 24

Answer 24

Question 25

What is the internal capsule?

Answer 25

Question 26

What is this area important in?

Answer 26

Stroke

Question 27

What are the diencephalon areas around?

Answer 27

3rd ventricle

Question 28

What is the cerebral aqueduct associated with?

Answer 28

Midbrain

Question 29

Are the structures of the diencephalon grey or white matter?

Answer 29

Grey matter

Question 30

Answer 30

A = thalamus B = epithalamus C = subthalamus D = hypothalamus

Question 31

What is the pineal gland?

Answer 31

Secrete melatonin Important in circadian rhythm

Question 32

What is the role of the diencephalon?

Answer 32

Major sensory relay station

Question 33

What is the 4th ventricle associated with?

Answer 33

Pons and medulla

Question 34

Answer 34

Septum pellucidum

Question 35

What is another name for the diencephalon?

Answer 35

In between brain

Question 36

What part of the grain does the diencephalon lie?

Answer 36

Forebrain

Question 37

What does the thalamus receive?

Answer 37

Sensory tracts

Question 38

What does the thalamus not receive sensory information from?

Answer 38

Olfactory pathway

Question 39

What does the thalamus relay information to?

Answer 39

Cerebral cortex and subcortical regions

Question 40

What functions does the thalamus integrate?

Answer 40

Visceral and somatic functions

Question 41

What ventricle does the thalamus lie on either side of?

Answer 41

3rd ventricle

Question 42

Answer 42

Question 43

Name the basal nuclei

Answer 43

Thalamus Cordate nucleus Lentiform nucleus

Question 44

What is the internal capsule?

Answer 44

a two-way tract for the transmission of information to and from the cerebral cortex

Question 45

What is the role lf the hypothalamus?

Answer 45

Hormaonal homeostasis

Question 46

Where does the anterior pituitary come from?

Answer 46

Roof of the oral cavity

Question 47

What does the pineal gland secrete?

Answer 47

Metatonin hormone in a circadian rhythm

Question 48

What does the pineal gland indirectly control?

Answer 48

Indirectly controls the function of other endocrine organs, including the pituitary

Question 49

What happens to the pineal gland with age?

Answer 49

Calcification with age

Question 50

Answer 50

Pineal gland

Question 51

What are the 2 parts of the lentiform nuclei?

Answer 51

Globus pallidus Putamen

Question 52

Answer 52

Question 53

What makes up the subcortical nuclei?

Answer 53

Collection of cell bodies: Caudate nucleus, ligaments, globus pallidus

Question 54

What is functionally part of the subcortical nuclei but not anatomically?

Answer 54

Substantia nigra

Question 55

Answer 55

A = substantia nigra B = red nucleus

Question 56

Answer 56

Question 57

What is the major function of the basal ganglia?

Answer 57

Help to regulate initiation and termination of movements

Question 58

What is the basal ganglia often referred to as?

Answer 58

Extrapyramidal system

Question 59

What system do the basal ganglia play a role in controlling?

Answer 59

Motor system

Question 60

What pathology is associated with basal ganglia?

Answer 60

Parkinsons

Question 61

What does the limbic system surround?

Answer 61

Surrounds corpus callosum and diencephalon

Question 62

What are the parts of the limbic system?

Answer 62

Amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, cingulate gyrus

Question 63

Answer 63

Question 64

Answer 64