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BDS2.5 Anatomy > Neuroanatomy - CNS 3 > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy - CNS 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Where is CSF formed?

A

Choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle

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2
Q

Describe CSF

A

Clear, alkaline, transparent

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3
Q

Is CSF made in other ventricles apart from the lateral ventricle?

A

Yes, 3rd and 4th ventricles

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4
Q

Where does the CSF pass from and to?

A

Passes from the lateral ventricle to the third ventricle through the inter ventricular foramen

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5
Q

From the third ventricle where does the CSF
pass through?

A

Through the cerebral aqueduct to the fourth ventricle

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6
Q

What aids is the circulation of the CSF from the 3rd to 4th ventricle?

A

Arterial pulsations of the choroid plexus

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7
Q

When the CSF is in the 4th ventricle, where does it pass to?

A

Subarachnoid space (venous), eventually to the IJV

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8
Q
A

A = choroid plexus
B = inter ventricular formamen

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9
Q

What is the role of the blood brain barrier?

A

Helps maintain stable environment for the brain and prevents harmful amino acids and ions present in the bloodstream and blood cells from entering the brain

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10
Q

What does the blood brain barrier play a major role in?

A

Drug delivery to CNS

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11
Q

What do drugs have to be to be delivered through blood brain barrier?

A

Lipid soluble or use suitable vector

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12
Q

What type of cell is an astrocyte?

A

Glial cell

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13
Q

What is the role of gyri?

A

Increase surface area of brain

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14
Q

What are the main sulci?

A

Central

Parietal-occipital

Lateral

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15
Q
A

A = grey
B = white

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16
Q

Why is grey matter grey?

A

Consisted of nerve cells

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17
Q

Why is white matter white?

A

Mylenated nerve fibres (axons)

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18
Q

What are the 3 types of white matter fibres?

A

Commissural fibres

Association fibres

Projection fibres

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19
Q

What is the main commissural fibres?

A

Corpus collossum

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20
Q

What are the association fibres?

A

Connect associated areas e.g. hearing and speech

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21
Q

In the spinal cord, is grey or white matter on the outside?

A

White on outside

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22
Q

Name the commissural fibres

A

Corpus collosum

Fornix

Anterior and posterior commissures

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23
Q

What are the divisions of the corpus collosum?

A

Rostrum

Genu body

Splenium

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24
Q
A
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25
Q

What is the internal capsule?

A
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26
Q

What is this area important in?

A

Stroke

27
Q

What are the diencephalon areas around?

A

3rd ventricle

28
Q

What is the cerebral aqueduct associated with?

A

Midbrain

29
Q

Are the structures of the diencephalon grey or white matter?

A

Grey matter

30
Q
A

A = thalamus
B = epithalamus
C = subthalamus
D = hypothalamus

31
Q

What is the pineal gland?

A

Secrete melatonin

Important in circadian rhythm

32
Q

What is the role of the diencephalon?

A

Major sensory relay station

33
Q

What is the 4th ventricle associated with?

A

Pons and medulla

34
Q
A

Septum pellucidum

35
Q

What is another name for the diencephalon?

A

In between brain

36
Q

What part of the grain does the diencephalon lie?

A

Forebrain

37
Q

What does the thalamus receive?

A

Sensory tracts

38
Q

What does the thalamus not receive sensory information from?

A

Olfactory pathway

39
Q

What does the thalamus relay information to?

A

Cerebral cortex and subcortical regions

40
Q

What functions does the thalamus integrate?

A

Visceral and somatic functions

41
Q

What ventricle does the thalamus lie on either side of?

A

3rd ventricle

42
Q
A
43
Q

Name the basal nuclei

A

Thalamus

Cordate nucleus

Lentiform nucleus

44
Q

What is the internal capsule?

A

a two-way tract for the transmission of information to and from the cerebral cortex

45
Q

What is the role lf the hypothalamus?

A

Hormaonal homeostasis

46
Q

Where does the anterior pituitary come from?

A

Roof of the oral cavity

47
Q

What does the pineal gland secrete?

A

Metatonin hormone in a circadian rhythm

48
Q

What does the pineal gland indirectly control?

A

Indirectly controls the function of other endocrine organs, including the pituitary

49
Q

What happens to the pineal gland with age?

A

Calcification with age

50
Q
A

Pineal gland

51
Q

What are the 2 parts of the lentiform nuclei?

A

Globus pallidus

Putamen

52
Q
A
53
Q

What makes up the subcortical nuclei?

A

Collection of cell bodies:

Caudate nucleus, ligaments, globus pallidus

54
Q

What is functionally part of the subcortical nuclei but not anatomically?

A

Substantia nigra

55
Q
A

A = substantia nigra
B = red nucleus

56
Q
A
57
Q

What is the major function of the basal ganglia?

A

Help to regulate initiation and termination of movements

58
Q

What is the basal ganglia often referred to as?

A

Extrapyramidal system

59
Q

What system do the basal ganglia play a role in controlling?

A

Motor system

60
Q

What pathology is associated with basal ganglia?

A

Parkinsons

61
Q

What does the limbic system surround?

A

Surrounds corpus callosum and diencephalon

62
Q

What are the parts of the limbic system?

A

Amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, cingulate gyrus

63
Q
A
64
Q
A

BDS2.5 Anatomy (28 decks)

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