Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biochem block 3 > signal transduction 4 > Flashcards

signal transduction 4 Flashcards

1
Q

DAG and PIP3

A

plasma membrane second messenger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

camp cgmp

A

h20 soluble second messneger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ca

A

ion second messenger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ips

A

water soluble second messneger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

arachnidoic acid

A

PM associated second messneger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

tf Ca can be made and destroyed

A

F cant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ca2+ ——- in the particular compartment of the cell is the signal detected by the next member in the signaling cascade.

A

Ca2+ concentration in the particular compartment of the cell is the signal detected by the next member in the signaling cascade.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

tf cell quiet

When Ca2+ concentration increases (10-6 M or greater

A

F

When cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration is low (10-7 M)

When Ca2+ concentration increases (10-6 M or greater), sensor molecules detect the rise and activate specific responses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cell activation depends on a —— between calcium—- and calcium- — mechanisms.

A

Cell activation depends on a balance between calcium-OFF and calcium-ON mechanisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

2 ways Ca off mechanism remove Ca

A

pumping it from the cell

or back into internal stores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Na+ /Ca2+ exchanger (NCX)

or antiporter Ca2+ -ATPase (PMCA)

A

Plasma membrane proteins that are calcium pumps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

 Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA)

A

Intracellular calcium pumps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Low affinity

High transport rate

A

Na+ / Ca2+ Exchanger (NCX)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

High affinity Low transport rate

A

Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

SERCA

A

Ca in with ATP breakage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

TF CA binding proteins only exist in the SER

A

F in SER and cytoplasm(buffer action)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Calcium-ON mechanisms add Ca2+ to the cytoplasm from ——- sources and —– stores

A

Calcium-ON mechanisms add Ca2+ to the cytoplasm from extracellular sources and internal stores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

(favored by large electrochemical gradient).

A

Calcium on mechanism that add Ca to cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ligand-gated ion channel receptors

A

cation selective

let Ca into cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Voltage-gated channels

A

(action-potential responsive)

let Ca into cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

universal Intracellular calcium channels

A

1,4,5-Inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3R)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

skeletal and cardiac muscle Intracellular calcium channels

A

Ryanodine receptors (RyR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

AP or

voltage gated Ca channel

A

allow Ca into cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Ryanodine Receptor (RyR)

and 1,4,5-Inositol Trisphosphate Receptor (IP3R)

A

both need to be triggered by Ca to release Ca from their compartments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Various —— -binding proteins act as molecular —– for detecting increased cellular concentration of —– .

A

Various calcium-binding proteins act as molecular sensors for detecting increased cellular concentration of Ca2+ .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Activated sensors stimulate a variety of —– proteins that regulate specific cellular functions.

A

Activated sensors stimulate a variety of downstream proteins that regulate specific cellular functions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

found in all cells where it mediates many regulatory pathways.

A

Calmodulin (CaM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

restricted to skeletal and cardiac muscle where it regulates contraction by controlling actin-myosin interaction

A

TnC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Two major Ca2+ sensors are

A

Two major Ca2+ sensors are tropinin C and calmodulin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

loops bind Ca

A

in Calmoduline

and middle alpha helix stretches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

tf Ca2+/CaM-Dependent Protein Kinase is not at all active when it doesnt have Ca 2+ CaM attached to it.

A

F

it is 80% active although inh portion of it is free and open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Ca2+/CaM-Dependent Protein Kinase (CaM-Kinase II)

A

totally inactive when phospatase strips off PO4 from it3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

bind inh domain of Ca2+/CaM-Dependent Protein Kinase (CaM-Kinase II)

A

Ca 2+/CaM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

activation of Ca2+/CaM-Dependent Protein Kinase (CaM-Kinase II)

A

prompts autophos and Ca2+/CaM-Dependent Protein Kinase (CaM-Kinase II) is fully active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Tf 1st Ca is release then CaM is released from Ca2+/CaM-Dependent Protein Kinase when it is fully active

A

T renders it partially active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

adenylate cyclase

A

converts ATP to cAMP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

AC occurs at

A

PM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

G-protein-coupled receptor act. by

A

Camp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

cat domain of AC

A

b/n helix 6 and 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

TF both N and C terminal of AC exist intercellularly

A

T

41
Q

AC

A

has 12 total alpha helix( transmembrane)

42
Q

when ligand binds GPCR

A

G protein binds it

43
Q

bind of g protein to GPCR

A

triggers GTP exchange on alpha subunit and it subsequently binds AC (PM)

44
Q

Camp

A

binds reg. subunit of pka and dissociates catalytic subunit from regulatory

45
Q

catalytis subunit of pKa

A

phos CREB and alters gene expression

46
Q

gpcr1;gpcr2

A

g protein stim; g protein inh

+camp;- camp

47
Q

Cholera toxin

A

has enzymatic activity that int with NAD in cyt.

48
Q

Ox Nad when triggered by Cholera toxin will

A

transfer adp ribose on Arg on Gs subunit of G protein(cant longer use ATPase activity)

49
Q

transfer of ADP ribose to ARg on Gs

A

inc camp by promoting irreversible binding of alpha subunit to AC(cant use Gtpase activity)

50
Q

cholera

A

prolonged opening of Cl channels and inc. Pka activity

51
Q

tf in cholera there is minimum loss of Na and water in intestines

A

F excessive

52
Q

pertusssis toxin

A

transfer ADP ribose to Cys on alpha subunit of Gi

Gi cant bing AC and cant inh

53
Q

inc Pka and camp exist in

A

cholera and pertussis

54
Q

High insulin; low glucose (seizures)

High histamine; low pressure (shock)

A

Pertussis

55
Q

TF hormone levels not affected in pertussis

A

F affected

56
Q

termination of camp

A

pde converts it to 5’ amp

57
Q

GC

A

converts GTP to cGMP

58
Q

bind ssoluble GC on a heme

A

NO

59
Q

binds to membrane ass GC

A

ANF

60
Q

cGMP act

A

PKG

61
Q

cGMP term to

A

5 gmp by cGMP Phosphodiesterase

62
Q

Pi PE PC

A

polar head group of phosphpholipid

63
Q

PIP2

A

Major Substrate for Producing Second Messengers

64
Q

Phosphoinositide-4-Kinase

A

convert PI to PIP

65
Q

PIP converted to PIP2 by

A

Phosphoinositide-5-Kinase

66
Q

Activator of Ca2+ release from endoplasmic reticulum

A

IP3

67
Q

phospholipase C

A

breaks PIP2 into DAG and IP3

68
Q

DAG

A

Membrane bound

69
Q

Activator of protein kinase C (PKC)

A

DAG

70
Q

phsopholipase D

A

breaks PC into phosphatidic acid and choline

(1st step of DAG generation)

71
Q

PAP

A

break phosphatidic acid ito DAG and PO4

(2nd step)

72
Q

IP3 act

A

ip3sensitive channels to let out Ca

Ca bind protein kinase C which binds DAG (membrane) which phos substrates

73
Q

Precursor for production of eicosanoids

A

Arachidonic acid (AA) –

74
Q

phosphlipase A2

A

breaks PIP2 into AA(membrane bound)

and

75
Q

PI

A

only has PO4 on 1 position

76
Q

PIP

A

PO4 on 4 position

77
Q

PIP2

A

po4 on 1,4,5 position

78
Q

PIP3

A

Activator of kinases recruited to membrane

79
Q

PI 3 kinase

A

puts po4 on 3 position

converts PIP2 to PIP3

80
Q

tf phosphatase can convert PIP3 to PIP2 to PIP1 to PI

A

T

81
Q

exist in cytoplasm

A

camp

cgmp

ip3

82
Q

membrane

A

DAG

AA

PIP3

83
Q

tf IP3 and PIP3 use PIP2 as a source

A

T

84
Q

AA and DAG

A

use PC and PE as a source

85
Q

uses PI PIP PIP2 as sources

A

AA

86
Q

tf dag can use PIP2 as source

A

T

87
Q

ATP;GTP as source

A

camp; cgmp

88
Q
A
89
Q

Forms eicosanoids

A

AA

90
Q

Activates PKB, PDK1

A

PIP3

91
Q

act. pkg;pkc

A

cGMP;DAG

92
Q

act pka

A

camp

93
Q

release Ca from ER

A

IP3

94
Q

effector AC ; GC

A

camp; cgmp

95
Q

Pla2 is effector enzyme for

A

AA

96
Q

pi 3k effector enzyme for

A

PIP3

97
Q

PLC is effector nzyme for

A

IP3 and DAG

98
Q

PLD/PAP effector enzyme fore

A

DAG

99
Q

GC effector enzyme for

A

cGMP

Biochem block 3 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions