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PT602 > Shoulder Joint Complex GH JOINT > Flashcards

Shoulder Joint Complex GH JOINT Flashcards

1
Q

Shoulder complex comprises of:

A 
humerus
scapula
clavicle
sternum
1st rib
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2
Q

how many joints?

A

3 physiologic

1 functional

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3
Q

3 physiologic joints

A

Glenohumeral Joint (GH)
Sternoclavicular (SC)
Arcrominoclavicular (AC)

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4
Q

1 Functional joint

A 
Scapulothroacic joint
(no bony connections between the scapula and thorax)
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5
Q

the complex is designed to

A

facilitate upper extremity mobility

NOT designed for stability

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6
Q

Osteology of the shoulder complex

A 
humerus
scapula
clavicle
sternum
1st rib
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7
Q

The most common sight of humeral fracture

A

surgical neck

inferior to greater and lesser tubercles

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8
Q

Glenohumeral Joint is

A

a synovial ball and socket joint

between the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula

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9
Q

Maintains ____ degrees of freedom

A

3! degress of freedom

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10
Q

physiologic motions

A

flexion/extension
ABduction/ ADduction
internal (medial)/ external (lateral) rotation
Circumduction- (combo of motions NOT a degree of freedom)

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11
Q

a wide range of movements provided at the cost of

A

skeletal stability

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12
Q

joint stability is provided by:

A

the rotator cuff muscles, long head of the biceps, related bony processes, and extra scapular ligaments

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13
Q

articular surfaces ar:

A

glenoid fossa of the scapula

sperical humeral head

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14
Q

Glenoid fossa is:

A

long longitudinally
narrow transversely
shallow
covers only 1/3rd of the articular surface of the humeral head

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15
Q

humeral head

A

large in size and spherical

longitudinal diameter is 2x greater than the fossa

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16
Q

the glenoid cavity is deepened and expanded peripherally by:

A

a fibrocartilagenous collar: glenoid labrum that attaches to the margin of the fossa

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17
Q

associated GH structures superficial to deep

A
  1. Coracohumeral ligament
  2. Joint Capsule (outer fibrous capsule, inner synovial membrane)
  3. glenohumeral ligaments
  4. tendon of the long head of the biceps
  5. glenoid labrum
  6. glenoid cavity
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18
Q

5th rotator cuff muscle

A

long head of the biceps brachii

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19
Q

the joint capsule is:

A

tigher superiorly

looser inferiorly

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20
Q

A looser inferior joint capsule:

A

accomadates ABduction of the arm

21
Q

Bursae are:

A

where the synovial membrane protrudes through apertures in the fibrous membrane
they lie between the tendons of surrounding muscles and the fibrous membranes

22
Q

most consistant bursae

A

subtendinous bursa of subscapularis

23
Q

synovial structures do what?

A

reduce friction between the tendons and adjacent joint capsule and bone

24
Q

Associated GH structures

A
  1. Coracohumeral ligament
  2. Joint Capsule (outer fibrous capsule, inner synovial membrane)
  3. glenohumeral ligaments
  4. tendon of the long head of the biceps
  5. glenoid labrum
  6. glenoid cavity
25
Q

I. Coracohumeral joint

A

thickening of the fibrous joint capsule
attaching from the coracoid process to the greater tubercle
maintaining the position of humeral head in fossa and limits superior translation of the humeral head

26
Q

IIa. outer fibrous joint capsule

A

attaches to the margin of the glenoid cavity and anatomical neck of the humerus
taught superiorly
loose-fitting inferiourly
static restraint that limits motion and stabilizes the joint

27
Q

IIb. inner synovial membrane

A

secretes synovial fluid and serves to reduce frictional forces
portion of the synovial membrane forms the synovial sheath that encloses the tendon of the long head of the biceps

28
Q

(axillary pouch)

A

inferior redundant fold of the fibrous capsule and synovium

facilitates humeral elevation without stretching/tearing of the capsule

29
Q

III. 3 glenohumeral ligaments

A

run from the glenoid rim to the anatomical neck of humerus

  1. Superior GH
  2. Middle GH
  3. Inferior GH
30
Q
  1. Superior GH
A

provide stability anterosuperiorly

31
Q
  1. Middle GH
A

provides stability anteriorly but is often poorly developed or absent

32
Q
  1. Inferior GH
A

strongest and most important
anterior & posterior bands plus the capsular pouch (inferior glenohumeral complex)
provide stability anteriorly and inferiorly

33
Q

Inferior glenohumeral complex works:

A

acts like a hammock to provide anterior & superior stability

ALWAYS taut in humeral abduction

34
Q

the anterior band is the:

A

primary static restraint to anterior translation of the humeral head

35
Q

IV. Tendon of the long head of the biceps

A

attaches to the supraglenoid tubercle of the glenoid fossa
travels through the joint capsule
through the intertubercular groove
to meet with the short head of the biceps
held in place by the transverse humeral ligament
and by the tendon of the pec MAJOR

36
Q

V. glenoid labrum

A

ring of fibrocartilage attaches to rim of fossa
extends, deepeneds fossa
improving stability

37
Q

VI. Glenoid cavity

A

most deep structure

38
Q

Coracromial Arch formed by:

A

osseoligamentous structure formed by:
coracoid process
acromion process
coracromial ligament

39
Q

Forms a:

A

bony-ligamentous roof-over the subacromial bursa and the tendon insertions of the supraspinatus & LH biceps

40
Q

what does it do good/bad?

A

good: protects the subacromial structures from direct trauma from above
bad: GH instability can lead to impingement of structures in the subacromial space

41
Q

subacromial/subdeltoid bursa:

A

-between acromion process and deltoid &
the humeral head and supraspinatus tendon
-tendon insertions of supra and infra spinouts
-tendon of LH of biceps

42
Q

innervation to the GH

A

sensory innveration: supraspacular and axillary nerves

43
Q

GH artthrokinematics

A

abduction/ adduction
External/ internal rotation
flexion/ extension

44
Q

Shoulder ADduction

A

convex humeral head rolls superiorly and glides inferiorly on the concave glenoid fossa

45
Q

Shoulder ABduction

A

convex humeral head rolls inferiorly and glides superiorly on glenoid fossa

46
Q

External rotation

A

covex humeral head rolls posteriorly and glides anteriorly on the fossa

47
Q

Internal rotation

A

convex humeral head rolls anteriorly and glides posteriorly on the fossa

48
Q

Flexion and extension

A

sagittal plane involves the spin of the coves humeral head on the concave glenoid fossa

PT602 (15 decks)

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