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PT602 > Scapular and Deltoid Regions ROTATOR CUFF > Flashcards

Scapular and Deltoid Regions ROTATOR CUFF Flashcards

1
Q

Shoulder Region

A

where the upper limb attaches to the trunk

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2
Q

comprised of the:

A

clavicle, scapula, and proximal humerus

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3
Q

includes:

A

superficial back muscles that attach to and move the humerus

extrinsic and intrinsic muscles

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4
Q

superficial extrinsic Back and Shoulder

A

trapezius
latissimus dorsi
deltoid

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5
Q

Trapezius Origin

A

superior nuchal line
external occipital protuberance
ligamentum nuchae
C7-T12 spinous processes

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6
Q

Trapezius

Insertion

A

lateral 1/3 of clavicle
acromion
scapular spine
(origin for deltoid)

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7
Q

Trapezius

innervation

A

NOT INNERVATED BY the BRACHIAL PLEXUS
spinal portion of accessory nerve CN 11 (motor only)
ventral rami C3-C4 (sensory only)

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8
Q

Trapezius

Functions

A

upper fibers: elevate scapula
lower fibers: depress scapula
together: upwardly rotate scapula (with serratus)
middle: retract scapula

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9
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

origin

A

T7-T12 spinous processes
ribs 9-12
thoracolumbar fascia
iliac crest

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10
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

insertion

A

floor of inter tubercular groove of humerus

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11
Q

Latissiums Dorsi

innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

ventral rami C6-C8

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12
Q

Latissiums Dorsi

Functions

A

medially rotates
extends
adducts humerus at the shoulder joint

fixed insert: raise body towards upper trunk as in hoisting the body

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13
Q

Deltoid

Origin

A
  1. lateral 1/3rd of clavicle
  2. acromion
  3. scapular spine
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14
Q

Deltoid

Inserts

A

convergent tendon into the deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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15
Q

Deltoid

innervation

A

axilary nerve C5-C6

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16
Q

Deltoid

Functions

A

Chief humeral ABductor (following initiation of abduction by the supraspinatus muscle; after about 15-20 deg flexion)

  1. Anterior: chief humeral flexor and medially rotates humerus
  2. Posterior: extends and laterally rotates humerus
  3. Middle: primary ABductor of humerus
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17
Q

Extrinsic Shoulder Muscles are:

A

Rhomboids

Levator Scapulae

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18
Q

Rhomboids Major

Origin

A

spions processes of T2-T5

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19
Q

Rhomboids Minor

Origin

A

spinous processes of C7-T1

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20
Q

Rhomboids Together Insertion

A

together along the medial border of the scapula from scapular spine to interior angle

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21
Q

Rhomboids

innervation

A

dorsal scapular nerve

C5

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22
Q

Rhomboids

functions

A 
scapular retraction (squeeze shoulder blades together)
downward rotation of the scapula
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23
Q

Levator Scapulae

Origin

A

posterior tubercules of transverse processes C1-C4

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24
Q

Levator Scapulae

Insert

A

superior angle and upper medial border of scapula

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25
Q

Levator Scapulae

innervation

A

ventral rami C3-C4

dorsal scapular nerve C5

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26
Q

Levator Scapulae

Functions

A

scapular elevation
downward rotation of scapula
Reverse actions:
fixed scapula: lateral flexion of cervical spine to ipsilateral contraction
billaterally assists is extension of the cervical spine

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27
Q

Intrinsic Shoulder Muscles:

A

originate off the scapula and insert on the humerus
SITS muscles: Rotator Cuff
Teres Major

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28
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis

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29
Q

Supraspinatus

origin

A

supraspinous fossa of scapula

30
Q

Supraspinatus

inserts

A

superior facet of greater tubercule of humerus

31
Q

Supraspinatus

innervation

A

not sure yet

32
Q

Supraspinatus

functions

A

initiates first 15-20 degrees of humeral ABduction

33
Q

Infraspinatus

origin

A

infraspinous fossa of scapula

34
Q

Infraspinatus

inserts

A

middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

35
Q

Infraspinatus

innervation

A

Suprascapular nerve

36
Q

Infraspinatus

functions

A

external rotation of humerus

37
Q

Teres Minor

Origin

A

teres minor fossa of scapula

38
Q

Teres Minor
inserts

INNERvation

A

interior facets of greater tubercle of humerus

axillary nerve C5-C6

39
Q

Teres Minor

functions

A

external rotation of humerus

40
Q

Subscapularis

origin

A

Subscapular fossa of scapula

41
Q

Subscapularis

inserts

A

lesser tubercle of humerus

42
Q

Subscapularis

innervation

A

upper and lower subscapularis nerves

43
Q

Subscapularis

functions

A

internal rotation of humerus

ADduction of the humerus

44
Q

Teres Major

origin

A

posterior surface of interior angle of scapula

45
Q

Teres Major

inserts

A

meidal lip or crest of inter tubercular groove of humerus

46
Q

Teres Major

innervation

A

lower subscapular nerve

C5-C7

47
Q

Teres Major

function

A

extension
ADductions
Medial rotation of humerus

48
Q

humeral ADduction mechanics

A

large deltoid force plus
smaller supraspinous force equals
translation of the humeral head superiorly

49
Q

prevention of humeral head from being driven to the coracoacromial arch and creating impingement

A

1.Subscap
2. infraspinatus
3. teres minor
exert downward translational force on humeral head
together maintain normal positioning for humeral head during ABduction and prevent impingement

50
Q

Trapezius muscle is innervated by:

A

cranial nerve 11 (spinal portion of accessory nerve)
brachial motor to the muscle

Ventral rami C3-C4 convey sensory info from muscle to CNS

51
Q

thoracodorsal nerve formed:
derives from:
innervates:

A

by ventral rami C6-C8
posterior cord of the brachial plexus
Latissimus Dorsi

52
Q

Axillary nerve is:

A 
C5-C6
terminal branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus
runs posteriorly through axilla
inferior to humeral head
exits the quadrangular space
53
Q

Axillary nerve supplies

A

teres minor first

then deltoid

54
Q

Axillary terminates as:

A

cutaneous nerve
upper lateral brachial cutaneous nerve
supplies skin upper lateral arm

55
Q

Suprascapular nerve

innervates:

A 
C5-C6
supraspinatus first 
runs around scapular notch to
infraspinatus
runs posteriorly and inferior to the transverse scapular ligament
56
Q

Suprascapular nerves orginiates and goes to:

A

upper superior trunk of brachial plexus

goes to transverse scapular ligament

57
Q

Upper and Lower Subscapular nerves supply:

A

C5-C7
Subscapularis
Teres Major
derive from posterior cord of brachial plexus

58
Q

blood to Trapezius

A

transverse cervical artery

branch of subclavian artery

59
Q

blood to supraspinatus and infraspinatus

A

suprascapular artery over transverse ligament and suprascapular nerve goes under transverse ligament
(branch of subclavian artery)

60
Q

Suprascapular artery travels:

A

with suprascapular nerve under the transverse scapular ligament to supply muslces:
supraspinatus and infraspinatus

61
Q

posterior humeral circumflex artery

supplies and travels:

A

(branch of axillary artery)

supplies: teres minor & deltoid
travels: with axillary nerve to exit quadrangular space

62
Q

Subscapular artery supplies:

A

(LARGEST branch of axillary artery)
latissimus dorsi
teres major

63
Q

Collateral Circulation of dorsal scapular region:

A

see the next three cards

64
Q

Supraspinous fossa supplied by:

A

suprascapular artery

65
Q

Infraspinous fossa supplied by:

A
  1. dorsal scapular artery (transverse cervical)
  2. suprascapular artery
  3. circumflex scapular artery
66
Q

Significance of Collateral Circulation of dorsal scapular region:

A

supraspinatus tendon frequently impinged in coracoacromial arch
tendons have poor blood supply
may be a factor affecting the capacity of muscle to repair following trauma or surgery

67
Q

extrinsic muscles

A

originate somewhere else and insert in the area

68
Q

intrinsic muscles

A

originate in the area and insert in the area

69
Q

superior quadrangular space

A

teres minor

subscap

70
Q

posterior quadrangular space

A

teres major

71
Q

medial border of quadrangular space

A

long head of triceps

72
Q

lateral border of quadrangular space

A

surgical neck of the humerus

PT602 (15 decks)

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