Short-Term & Long-Term Drug Effects - Chapter 5

Question 1

Short-Term Drug Effects

Answer 1

Drugs affect neurotransmitter activity through various agonistic and antagonistic effects
1. Synthesis
2. Storage
3. Release
4. Receptor Interaction
5. Inactivation
6. Reuptake
7. Degradation

Question 2

Nucleus Accumbens

Answer 2

A prime area of activation when a person engages in rewarding behavior

Question 3

Long-Term Drug Effects

Answer 3

• Tolerance
  
  • When repeated use of a drug results in a need for a drug results in a need for a higher dose to get the intended effect
    
    • Metabolic and cellular tolerance
    • Down regulation of receptors

Question 4

Down Regulation

Answer 4

• Pre-synaptic neuron
• Post-synaptic neuron

Question 5

Physical Dependence

Answer 5

The need to take a drug to ward off unpleasant physical withdrawal

Question 6

Psychological Dependence

Answer 6

The need to take a drug to ward off negative emotions
- No physical symptoms

Question 7

Top-Down Influences

Answer 7

• Experience with a drug changes response
  
  • E.g., Marijuana
• Context-dependent overdoses
  
  • Anticipatory drug response