Shock Flashcards
What are the 4 types of shock
Hypovolemic
Cardiogenic
Obstructive
Neurogenic
Causes of hypovolemic shock
Haemorrhage- trauma surgery etc
Vomiting diarrhoea excessive sewating
What are the consequences of shock
Decreased CO and blood pressure results in inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygen supply to the tissues
How does Hypovolemic shock work?
Decreased blood volume
decreased venous return
decreased preload and end diastolic volume
Decreased stroke volume
Causes of cardiogenic shock
Sustained hypotension due to poor heart contractility as a result of heart attack or MI
How does cariogenic shock strike?
Decreased contractility
Decreased Stroke volume
Causes of Obstructive shock
Tension pneumothorax, increased intrathorasic cavity pressure
How does obstructive shock strike?
Increased right atrial pressure
Decreased venous return
Decreased end diastolic volume
Decreased stroke volume
Causes of neurogenic shock
Spinal chord injury above T6
How does neurogenic shock strike?
Loss of sympathetic tone to vasculature and heart Massive venous and arterial vasodilation Increased capillary permeability Loss of volume Reduced venous return SVR and heart rate reduced stroke volume
What kind of shock is vasoactive?
Hypovolemic due to loss of blood volume
Causes of vasoactive shock?
Septic shock and massive release on vasodilatory mediators e.g histamines bradykinin etc
How does vasoactive shock strike?
Mediators released Massive venous and arterial dilation and capillarys become very permeable Loss of volume Decreased Venous return SVR and EDV Decreased SV
Three key treatments for shock
High flow O2
Volume replacement (except cardiogenic)
Call for help early
What extra treatment for Cardiac shock would be used?
Inotropes such dobutamine to increase contractility of the heart
