Immunology

Question 1

What is bacteraemia?

Answer 1

Presence of bacteria within the usually sterile blood, if not treated can result in septicaemia

Question 2

What is the fewest blood samples that should be taken?

Answer 2

2 sets of three several hours apart

Question 3

If the samples return normal but you are confident its infective what should you do?

Answer 3

Send samples of for serology

Question 4

Which unusual gram -ve can cause disease?

Answer 4

HACEK- haemophilus etc

Question 5

Name a bug that may require serology?

Answer 5

Coxiella Burnetti

Question 6

If symptoms arise after operation what bugs are usually responsible?

Answer 6

Staphylococcus Epidermidis

Staphylococcus Aureus

Question 7

What do cocci appear as?

Answer 7

Clusters

Question 8

+ve coagulase test

Answer 8

Staphylococcus Aureus

Question 9

-ve coagulase test if prosthetic material implanted?

Answer 9

Staphylococcus Epidermidis

Question 10

Gram +ve, alpha haemolytic, with subacute presentation

Answer 10

Streptococci Viridans- group of streptococci

Question 11

What antibiotic is generally prescribed for Staph.Aureus

Answer 11

Flucloxacillin IV

Question 12

Native Valve infection

Answer 12

Amoxicillin and Gentamicin IV

Question 13

Prosthetic Valve infection

Answer 13

Vancomysin and Gentamicin IV

+ Rifampacin 3-5 days after

Question 14

Drug user endocarditis

Answer 14

Flucloxacillin IV

Question 15

Pocket Infection- soon after operation

Answer 15

Localised cellulitis, Pain, swelling, discharge, wound breakdown

Question 16

Infective endocarditis

Answer 16

fever night chills anorexia, myalgia

Question 17

Sub acute symptoms

Answer 17

Clubbing, splinter haemorrhaging, new murmur, fever, fatigue, Roth spots, osters nodes