Shaping The Earth Term 1 Flashcards
What evidence do we use to find the internal structure of the earth
We use earthquakes to identify the different layers of the earth because there are different waves that can go through liquid and solid structures.we gain al this info from sismagraphs
What is physical weathering
Physical weathering is the overtime break down of rocks which are subjected to agents that don’t change its chemical composition
What is chemical weathering
Chemical weathering is the over time brake down of rocks with chemical change to the composition of the rock
What is weathering
Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, soil and minerals as well as artificial materials through contact with water wind chemicals plants temperature difference.
What is erosion
Erosion is the process where surface process like water flow or wind moves dissolved materials from place to another.
What is the difference between weathering and erosion
Weathering is when agents such as water wind and temperature break down rocks.
Erosion is when surface processes like water flow or wind move already weathered or dissolved material from one place to another.
What are the names of all the layers from the outside in
Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
How was Wave rock formed
Wave rock is formed by a process called chemical weathering because when it rained when rivers overflowed they carried chemicals that weathered the rock into a wave shape.
What does the term mineral mean
The term mineral means: A naturally occurring substance, representable by chemical formula, that is usually solid and inorganic, and a crystal structure.
How are sedimentary rocks formed
Sedimentary rocks are formed by erosion until the the power of what ever is moving it weakens and then is compacted by pressure of water and solidify into a larger rock
How are igneous rocks formed
Igneous rocks are formed when molten rock cools down and solidifies and turns into stone.
How are metamorphic rocks formed
Metamorphic rocks are formed when igneous or sedimentary rocks are compacted under great pressure or heated forming are more denser form
What do sedimentary rocks have
Sedimentary rocks have different coloured layers depending on the colour of the sediment compacted
What do metamorphic rocks have
Metamorphic rocks normally will have black line in there structure from being compacted
Igneous rocks characteristic.
Some igneous rock form big crystals and some small crystals some have none.
Types of sedimentary rocks
Clastic which is made out of older rocks and organic which are made out of old fossil and plants.
Types of igneous rocks
Extrusive which are cooled on the surface and have small crystals or none at all and intrusive which are cooled under the surface and have big crystals.
Methods of mining
Open cut mining
Hard rock mining
What is open cut mining?
Open cut mining is when a big circle is dug out of the ground to reach minerals
What is hard rock mining
Hard rock mining is when giant mine shafts are built under the ground to mine minerals out of the ground
What is a fossil?
A fossil is a dead organism that has been preserved in stone.
What are the different types of fossils
Moulds and casts
Carbonisation
Amber
Petrified wood
How are moulds and casts made
An Organisim dies and falls into soft sediment,decays and leaves a mould.The mould fills with new sediment to form a cast
How is Carbonisation made
the plant dies,falls into soft sediment and then it hardens and what is left is plant carbon.
Insects in amber formed
Insects in amber is formed when an insect gets trapped in tree sap and the tree sap solidifies with the insect still trapped in it.
How is petrified wood formed
Petrified wood is formed when wood chemical changes it’s chemical composition due to a chemical reaction abd it becomes petrified wood.
