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Science > Miracle machine Year 9 Yearly > Flashcards

Miracle machine Year 9 Yearly Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are all living thing made out of

A

Cells

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2
Q

What does multicellular

A

Composed of many cells

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3
Q

What do red blood cells do

A

Carry oxygen through the body

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4
Q

What do nerve cells

A

They relay messages from one part of the body to another

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5
Q

What is tissue made of

A

A group of similar cells

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6
Q

What are organ made of

A

Each organ is made of a specific type of tissue

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7
Q

What do organs do

A

Organs are parts of systems and allow them to work

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8
Q

What are systems made of

A

Organs form parts the parts of a system

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9
Q

What do systems do

A

They work together to keep the organism alive

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10
Q

List all the systems in the body(10)

A
  • Respiratory
  • Nervous
  • Digestive
  • Excretory
  • Skeletal
  • Muscle
  • Endocrine
  • Reproductive
  • Circulatory
  • Immune
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11
Q

Which two systems make the body function

A

Nervous and endocrine

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12
Q

List some examples of tissue(4)

A
  • Tendon
  • Muscle tissue
  • cartilage
  • ligament
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13
Q

List some examples of cells(2)

A
  • Blood cells

- neurones

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14
Q

List some examples of organelles(6)

A
  • mitochondria
  • chloroplast
  • nucleus
  • vacuole
  • lysosomes
  • ribosome
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15
Q

How does the respiratory system get oxygen into the blood stream (4)

A
  • The oxygen is taken in through mouth or nose
  • Travels through trachea,bronchi and bronchioles
  • Enters the lungs
  • Oxygen is the diffused into the blood stream
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16
Q

How does the circulatory system move oxygenated blood to the cells(4)

A
  • the oxygenated blood travels to the pulmonary vein to the heart
  • is taken through aorta out of the heart
  • the blood is taken into smaller blood vessels
  • goes into capillaries and the oxygen diffuses into the fluid surrounding the cells.
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17
Q

What does the digestive system do(2)

A
  • breaks down food

- substances are diffused into the blood of the capillaries on the villi which are located in the small intestines

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18
Q

What does the excretory system do(1)

A

-The elimination of waste produced by homeostasis

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19
Q

What are enzymes

A

The proteins that regulate chemical reactions in the body

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20
Q

What is homeostasis

A

The process that need to be kept constant in the human body

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21
Q

What does homeostasis regulate (6)

A
  • Body temperature
  • sugar levels
  • hydration
  • oxygen levels
  • salt levels
  • acid/base levels
22
Q

Which system regulates homeostasis

A

The nervous system

23
Q

The steps of negative feedback

A
  • a change in the body is elected
  • a message is sent to a gland or organ
  • a response is initiated returning it to a normal state
24
Q

What is negative feedback

A

The process of returning things to a normal state

25
Q

What is positive feedback

A

When something normal in the body is amplified

26
Q

How are changes detected in and out of the body

A

Receptor cells

27
Q

Types of receptor cells

A
  • Chemoreceptors
  • Photoreceptors
  • Mechanoreceptors
  • Thermoreceptors
28
Q

What do chemoreceptors detect for

A

Chemicals

29
Q

What do photoreceptors detect

A

Light

30
Q

What do mechanoreceptors detect

A

Pressure or distortion

31
Q

What do Thermoreceptors detect

A

Heat

32
Q

What happens when a receptor cell detects a stimulus

A

A nerve impulse is sent

33
Q

What is a nerve impulse

A

A message that travels along the nerve cells as a progressive wave of electric and chemical activity to the central nervous system

34
Q

What is the iris

A

The iris is :
the coloured part of the eye
A ring of muscle that adjust the amount of light that is let into the eye

35
Q

What is the pupil

A

The pupil controls how much light is taken in

36
Q

What is the cornea

A

Curved outer layer that bends the light towards the pupil

37
Q

What is the retina

A

It is the curved back surface where all the sight receptors

38
Q

What does the central nervous system consists of

A

Brain and spinal chord

39
Q

What does the peripheral nervous system consist of

A

The nerves

40
Q

Types of neurones

A

Sensory
Interneuron
Motor Neurones
Effectors

41
Q

What do sensory neurones do

A

Carry nerve impulses from sense organs to central nervous system

42
Q

What do interneurons do

A

Carry impulses through the central nervous system

43
Q

What does the motor neurones do

A

Take the impulse to effectors such as muscles or glands

44
Q

What are effectors

A

Structures that respond to stimulas

45
Q

What is a neuron

A

A long cell body containing a nucleus

46
Q

What are dendrites

A

Fine branches that extend from on cell to another

47
Q

Whats a axon

A

Long structure which nerve impulses pass along

48
Q

What is a reflex arc

A

A nervous pathway that controls your reflexs

49
Q

What are the three main sections of the brain

A

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brain stem

50
Q

Facts on the cerebrum

A 
90% of the brains volume
2 grey hemisphere
Is grey coloured due to the grey matter
Controls memory and speech and thought
Controls Conscious action
51
Q

Purpose cerebellum

A

Controls balances and muscle action

52
Q

What does the brain stem do

A

Responsible for our unconscious thought e.g. breathing heart beat and digestion

Science (18 decks)

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