Earth Term 1 Test

Question 1

List all 5 layers of the earth (outside-inside)

Answer 1

Crust
Mantle
Outer-core
Inner-core

Question 2

What move the plates around

Answer 2

The semi solid mantle moves moving the plates with it

Question 3

What causes the mantle to move

Answer 3

Convection currents

Question 4

How do convection currents work?

Answer 4

Hot magma rises as the cooler magma goes down and then goes in a big cycle

Question 5

What causes Earthquakes

Answer 5

When the plates are exposed to stress due to the constant bending they break and they move under one another vibrating and shifting the ground.

Question 6

What other natural disasters are caused by Earthquakes

Answer 6

Volcanoes

Tsunami

Question 7

How are volcanoes created

Answer 7

Magma exerts pressure on the rock until it cracks allowing the magma to move through eventually creating a volcano

Question 8

What is the continental drift theory?

Answer 8

A theory that talks about all the continents breaking apart from one super continent form what we know as earth today.

Question 9

What is pangea

Answer 9

The super continent that for,ed all the other continents

Question 10

What where the two continents that broke from pangea

Answer 10

Laurasia

Gondwana

Question 11

How do we know that the layers of the earth a solid or liquid

Answer 11

By using the types of earthquake waves, because some waves can’t go through solids and some can’t go through liquids easily

Question 12

List the 3 types of waves

Answer 12

P: primary wave
S: secondary wave
L: love wave

Question 13

What types of waves are p,s,l waves body or surface

Answer 13

P: body waves
S: body waves
L: surface waves

Question 14

What is a surface wave

Answer 14

Surface waves are waves that go along the surface of an earthquake

Question 15

What do body waves do

Answer 15

Body waves travel through the earths layers

Question 16

What was the name of the super ocean

Answer 16

Panthalassa

Question 17

What is the name given to the most affected place of the earthquake called

Answer 17

Epicentre

Question 18

What is the source of the earthquake called

Answer 18

Focus

Question 19

What evidence is there to support the continental drift theory

Answer 19

Continents fit like a jigsaw puzzle
Fossils and rock types match where the continents where once joined.
Fossils being found in wrong climates

Question 20

The types of earth movements

Answer 20

Transform fault
Divergent
Convergent

Question 21

What are the effects of a transform fault

Answer 21

They create earthquakes

Question 22

What are the effects of a convergent

Answer 22

They create tsunamis and volcanoes

Question 23

What are the effect of a divergent

Answer 23

It creates a trench that allows the magma to seap through creating a volcanic ridge

Question 24

What are the three types of volcanoes

Answer 24

Shield
Cinder cone
Composite

Question 25

What are the characteristics of a cinder cone volcano

Answer 25

Lava spew is very small

Question 26

What are the characteristics of a shield volcano

Answer 26

Occur at hotspots

Create islands

Question 27

What are the characteristics of a composite volcano

Answer 27

Very steep

Question 28

Where are earthquakes and volcanoes located more commonly

Answer 28

They are more commonly located where the plates meet

Question 29

Why do volcanoes and earthquakes occur more commonly at tectonic plate boundaries

Answer 29

Because this is where the plates collide and pull apart allowing for earthquakes and volcanoes

Question 30

What crust is more dense continental or oceanic

Answer 30

Oceanic