Shaping, Chaining And Fading Flashcards
Behaviours that shouldn’t occur or occur too often are called…
Behavioural Excesses
Behaviours that don’t occur often enough or should occur but do not are called…
Behavioural deficits
What is the name given to the process of learning a new behaviour?
Behavioural acquisition
Name 3 behavioural acquisition strategies.
Shaping, Chaining and Prompting
Define shaping
The development of new behaviour through reinforcement of successive approximations of behaviour
When is shaping used?
When developing new behaviours or changing dimensions of existing behaviour
What is the first step in the shaping process?
Identify the target behaviour;
Choose a suitable starting point that is in learner’s repertoire & resembles target
What should be done if the learner is failing to acquire steps? (Too fast)
Go back to previous steps. May have to break steps up.
Why might the learner be stuck on a step?
Moving too quickly: hasn’t mastered criteria of previous step. OR
Moving too slowly: bored or contingency has become too strong
Define Chaining
The development of a complex behaviour through the reinforcement of a specified sequence of behaviours
In chaining, what is the end goal?
Think antecedents and consequences
For each step to become a conditioned reinforcer for the previous step and an Sd for the next step
What does Task Analysis refer to?
Detailed specification of all the component steps within a behavioural chain
Name 3 ways oncoming up with a task analysis
- Perform the skill and record steps
- observe competent individuals “”
- ask an expert