shampooing

Question 1

Cuticle - layer 1-top

Answer 1

Made up of overlapping scales. 
Scales point downwards. 
Have no colour (translucent). 
4-10 layers. 
Protects inside of hair (like glad wrap). 
Determines porosity.

Question 2

Cortex - layer 2-middle

Answer 2

Bulkiest part of the hair. 
70-80% of the hair shaft. 
Determines elasticity - strength. 
Determines texture (coarse - fine). 
Contains sulphur and hydrogen bonds. 
Most hairdressing services take place in this layer.

Question 3

Medulla - layer 3-center

Answer 3

Inner most part of the hair shaft.
Unknown purpose.
Can be absent in fine hair.
Can be continuous or fragmented.

Question 4

Acid-mantle

Answer 4

Coating of hair and skin
4.5-5.5 pH
Consists of oil and sweat

Question 5

Conditioner

Answer 5

Hair is ‘anionic’ (-) while conditioner is ‘cationic’ (+)
Opposite charges attract so the conditioner clings to the hairshaft
Conditioner = acidic 4.0-6.9 pH

Question 6

Soap Shampoo

Answer 6

Alkaline 8-9 pH
Swells + opens cuticle scales
Might strip colour faster
Makes hair knotted (which is bad) (duh)

Question 7

Soapless Shampoo

Answer 7

Acidic
Closes cuticles
Hardens hairshaft
Keeps hair in better condition
Less knots in hair (better)

Question 8

pH Scale

Answer 8

pH = potential Hydrogen
Measures acidity / alkaline in substance
below 7 = Acid
above 7 = Alkaline

Question 9

External Conditioner

Answer 9

Closes cuticle scales
Creates shine / light reflective
Prevents interlocking of hair shafts
Improves health
Gives a protective coat + moisture

Question 10

Internal Conditioner

Answer 10

AKA Reconstructers
Penetrates cortex layer
Adds protein --> adds strength to cortex
Equalises porosity
Glues internal structures together
Closes cuticle scales

Question 11

Hair Roots

Answer 11

Part of the hair below the skin surface

Question 12

Hair Shaft

Answer 12

Part of the hair above the skin surface (visible)

Question 13

3 Layers of Hair

Answer 13

Cuticle
Cortex
Medulla

Question 14

Porosity

Answer 14

Ability of the hair to absorb moisture / chemicals

Poor, Normal, Good, Extreme

Question 15

Elasticity

Answer 15

Ability of the hair to stretch without breaking

Poor, Normal, Good

Question 16

Texture

Answer 16

The diameter of each hair

large = coarse, medium, small = fine

Question 17

Amount (density)

Answer 17

Amount of follicles per cm squared
Ratio of hair to visible scalp
(High, Medium, Low)

Question 18

Elements of hair (PETALS)

Answer 18

P orosity
E lasticity
T exture
A mount
L ength
S calp

Question 19

How does shampoo affect the hair?

Answer 19

1. Water along the shaft remains in droplets
2. Shampoo molecule head in water
   Breaks surface tension allowing water to spread
3. Tail attaches to oil
4. During massage, oil rolls into a ball forming an “Emulsion” (ball of oil + water)
5. During rinsing the oil is dragged out with the water

Question 20

Favourite boyfriend

Answer 20

Obviously Chris.