sexually transmitted infections Flashcards
3 types of infections
ectoparasitic infections
bacterial infections
viral infections
ectoparasitic infections
pubic lice and scabies
bacterial infections
gonorrhoea, syphillis, chlamydia
viral infections
herpes, human papillomavirus and hepatitis
sexually transmitted infections
a term for a number of infections gained through sexual activity
how have STIs been perceived in Canada
they have been historically viewed as symbols of corrupt sexuality
immoral
punishment concept
the idea that people who had become infected with sexually transmitted infections had done something wrong and were being punished
people experience “self-stigmatization”
rates in minorities
higher rates of STIs in racial/ethnic minorities and homosexual men
higher rates in young adults
females have a higher risk and more likely to be asymptomatic
latency
period in which person has virus but doesn’t show any symptoms
females experience
birth control
barrier methods decrease the risk of STIs
spermicide may increase the risk of STI (irritation)
oral contraceptives can increase risk (mucus build)
pregnancy
STIs can affect miscarriage, still birth, early onset labour
some can cross the placenta
some can infect the newborn during delivery
some can be transmitted through breast feeding
pubic lice (crabs)
small insects attach themselves to pubic hair and drink from blood vessels under the skin
highly contagious
die after 24 hours off the body
lay eggs in the hair
scabies
smaller mite that burrows into the skin
cause a rash and severe itching
gonorrhea
bacteria - neisseria gonorrhoeae
requires mucous membranes (throat, mouth, cervix)
causes pus discharge and frequent urination
females may be asymtompatic
can result in pelvic inflammatory disease
syphilis
bacteria - treponema pallidum
live in mucus membranes
can transmit through placenta
not treatable after a few years- can be fatal
chancre
small sore resulting from syphilis infection
site at which bacteria entered the body
when does the chancre disappear
after 3-6 weeks (stage 2)
chlamydia
bacteria- chlamydia trachomatis
mother can infect newborn during birth
many people are asymptomatic
if symptoms: pain and burning when pee, penile discharge or itching
vaginal infections
discharge itching or odour
trichomoniasis- protozoan
bacterial vaginosis - one bacteria species grows out of control
vulvovaginal candiasis
infection of the vagina that involves overgrowth of yeast (candida)
yeast infection
pelvic inflammatory disease
infection of the female genital tract
complication of chlamydia or gonorrhoea
can cause ectopic pregnancy, pelvic pain and infertility
herpes
viral infection- herpes simplex virus usually mouth/face (1) or genitals (2) can be spread without symptoms causes sores, burning, itching, swelling NO CURE- can treat
human papilloma virus (HPV)
over 40 types - from warts to lesions
transmitted through intercourse
related to cervical cancers
causes warts - treated with topical solutions or cryotherapy
gardasil
first vaccine developed against HPV
viral hepatitis
-hepatitis A- contaminated water
hepatitis B- sex
hepatits C- blood or sex NO VACCINE
