Sexually Transmitted Infections

Question 1

What are kidney calculi and how do they present?

Answer 1

They are kidney stones which are often hard deposits of minerals and salts. Clinical effects are renal colic pain, haematuria, pyelonephritis, obstructive uropathy, hydronephrosis and post renal-renal failure.

Question 2

What are causes of acute renal failure?

Answer 2

Pre renal - shock/major trauma.
Renal - Glomerulonephritis, drugs, malignancy, hypertension and vasculitis
Post renal - obstruction

Question 3

What electrolyte imbalances can be seen in acute and chronic renal failure?

Answer 3

High potassium and high creatinine

Question 4

Explain the investigations and treatment for Chlamydia

Answer 4

Women - vulvovaginal swab,
men - First pass urine sample.
Treated with doxycycline

Question 5

How can gonorrhoea present and what is it treated with?

Answer 5

Women - Dysuria, salpingitis, PID, post-coital bleeding.
Men - Urethral and anal discharge, epidydimal tenderness +/- pain and bleeding.
Treat with ceftriaxone

Question 6

What are some symptoms of syphilis and what drug is used for treatment?

Answer 6

• Hard genital ulcers/lesions,
• Oral ulcers,
• Red maculopapular rash,
• Tertiary syphilis can cause neurological symptoms.
• Treat with Benzathine Penicillin

Question 7

What are the symptoms and treatment of genital herpes?

Answer 7

Presentation - Tingling neuropathy in genital region, bilateral crops of painful blisters, local oedema and tender lymphadenopathy.
Treat with aciclovir