Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Question 1

All flowering plants do not show sexual reproduction - true/false

Answer 1

False - all flowering plants show sexual reproduction

Question 2

Microsporophyll of flower

Answer 2

Stamen

Question 3

Enzyme which dissolves pollen tetrad

Answer 3

Callase enzyme

Question 4

Changes which lead to development of flower

Answer 4

Hormonal and structural changes

Question 5

In 60% of flowering plants

Answer 5

Pollen are released in 2 celled stage

Question 6

Anther is generally

Answer 6

Bilobed

Question 7

The _______ end of filament is attached to the ________ or __________ of the flower

Answer 7

Proximal, thalamus or petal

Question 8

Bilobed nature of anther is very distinct in ________ section of anther

Answer 8

Transverse

Question 9

Pollen sacs are developed

Answer 9

Microsporangia

Question 10

Microsporangia extend longitudinally all through the length of anther and are packed with pollen - true/false

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Layer which nourishes pollen

Answer 11

Tapetum

Question 12

Cells of tapetum possess

Answer 12

Dense cytoplasm and more than one nucleus

Question 13

Function of epidermis, endothecium and middle layers

Answer 13

Protection and help in dehiscence of anther

Question 14

In young anthers, centre of microsporangium is occupied by

Answer 14

Compactly arranged homogenous cells called sporogenous tissue

Question 15

Microspore tetrads are formed from

Answer 15

Cells of sporogenous tissue

Question 16

Each cell of sporogenous tissue is

Answer 16

Microspore mother cell/pollen mother cell

Question 17

Male gametophyte of angiosperms

Answer 17

Pollen grain

Question 18

Shape and size of pollen grain

Answer 18

Spherical, 25-50 micrometers in diameter

Question 19

Intine is a

Answer 19

Thin and CONTINUOUS layer made of cellulose and pectin

Question 20

Cytoplasm of pollen is surrounded by

Answer 20

Plasma membrane

Question 21

When pollen grain is mature, it contains

Answer 21

2 cells - vegetative + generative

Question 22

The generative cell is

Answer 22

Small, spindle shaped and floats in cytoplasm of vegetative cell

Question 23

Vegetative cell has

Answer 23

Large irregularly shaped nucleus

Question 24

Pollen allergy causing weed

Answer 24

Parthenium/carrot grass

Question 25

Parthenium was introduced in India as

Answer 25

Contaminant with imported wheat

Question 26

Viability time of pollen in cereals like rice, wheat

Answer 26

30 minutes

Question 27

Viability time of pollen in Rosaceae, Leguminoseae, Solanaceae

Answer 27

Few months

Question 28

Cryopreservation temperature

Answer 28

-196 C

Question 29

Cavity in ovary of flower is called

Answer 29

Locule

Question 30

Parts of pistil

Answer 30

3 parts - stigma, style, ovary

Question 31

Placenta is located

Answer 31

Inside locule

Question 32

Hilum is where

Answer 32

Body of ovule fuses with funicle

Question 33

Ovule generally has ________ embryo sac(s) formed from ______________

Answer 33

Single, megaspore

Question 34

Development of embryo sac from a single megaspore is known as

Answer 34

Monosporic development

Question 35

Megaspore mother cell is formed in

Answer 35

Micropylar region

Question 36

Pollination is

Answer 36

Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma

Question 37

Plants producing both cleistogamous and chasmogamous flowers

Answer 37

Viola (common pansy), oxalis, commelina

Question 38

Geitonogamy is functionallly ___________ and genetically ________________

Answer 38

Cross pollination, self pollination

Question 39

Majority of plants use __________ agents for pollination

Answer 39

Biotic

Question 40

Pollination by __________ is more common among abiotic pollinators

Answer 40

Wind - anemophily

Question 41

Tassels of corn cob are

Answer 41

Stigma and style

Question 42

Pollination by water is limited to

Answer 42

30 genera, mostly monocots

Question 43

Examples of water pollinated plants

Answer 43

Vallisneria, hydrilla (fresh water), Zostera (marine grasses)

Question 44

Pollination in water hyacinth and water lily

Answer 44

Insect/wind

Question 45

Pollination in vallisneria occurs at

Answer 45

Surface of water

Question 46

In sea-grasses, pollination occurs

Answer 46

Inside water

Question 47

Pollen grains of sea grasses are

Answer 47

Long, ribbon like

Question 48

In most water pollinated species, pollen grains are covered by

Answer 48

Mucilaginous covering

Question 49

Flowers pollinated by flies and beetles

Answer 49

Secrete foul smelling odour

Question 50

Floral rewards are

Answer 50

Nectar and POLLEN GRAINS, safe place to lay eggs (Amorphophallus - 6 feet)

Question 51

Self - incompatibility is a

Answer 51

Genetic mechanism

Question 52

Unisexual monoecious flowering plants

Answer 52

Castor, maize

Question 53

Unisexual dioecious flowering plants

Answer 53

Papaya

Question 54

Endosperm is non persistent in

Answer 54

Pea, groundnut, beans

Question 55

Persistent endosperm is found in

Answer 55

Castor, coconut, wheat, maize, barley

Question 56

Embryonic development stages

Answer 56

Zygote --------> proembryo ------------> globular embryo------------> heart shaped embryo ----------> mature embryo

Question 57

Perispermic seeds are present in

Answer 57

Black pepper, beet

Question 58

False fruits examples

Answer 58

Apple, strawberry, cashew

Question 59

Oldest viable seed is

Answer 59

Lupinus arcticus - arctic tundra - flowered after 10000 years of dormancy

Question 60

Species showing apomixis

Answer 60

Asteraceae, grasses

Question 61

Difference between apomixis and parthenocarpy

Answer 61

Apomixis - formation of seeds without fertilization | Parthenocarpy - formation of seedless fruits without fertilization

Question 62

Fruits showing polyembryony

Answer 62

Citrus, mango