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Biology > Microbes in human welfare > Flashcards

Microbes in human welfare Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Shape of TMV

A

Rod shaped

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2
Q

Converting milk to curd improves

A

Vitamin B12 content

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3
Q

Toddy is made from

A

Sap of palms

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4
Q

Adenovirus causes

A

Respiratory infection

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5
Q

Yeast name

A

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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6
Q

Swiss cheese microbe

A

Propionibacterium sharmanii

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7
Q

Roquefort cheese microbe

A

Specific fungus Penicillium roquefortii

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8
Q

Bottled juices are clarified by

A

Pectinases and proteases

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9
Q

Statins lower cholesterol by

A

Competitive inhibition of enzyme producing cholesterol

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10
Q

Alexander Fleming worked on

A

Staphylococci bacteria

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11
Q

Full potential of penicillin was established by

A

Ernest Chain and Howard Florey

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12
Q

Antibiotic used to treat American soldiers in WW2

A

Penicillin

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13
Q

Whooping cough common name

A

Kali Khansi

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14
Q

Leprosy common name

A

Kusht Rog

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15
Q

Diptheria common name

A

Gal Ghotu

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16
Q

Citric Acid

A

Aspergillus niger

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17
Q

Cyclosporin A

A

Trichoderma polysporum (fungus)

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18
Q

Statins

A

Monascus purpureus

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19
Q

Primary sewage treatment consists of

A

filtration and sedimentation

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20
Q

Treatment of sewage is done by

A

Heterotrophic microbes

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21
Q

Ganga and Yamuna action plan was initiated by

A

Ministry of environment and forests

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22
Q

Primary effluent is passed into

A

Aeration tank

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23
Q

Floating debris is removed by

A

Sequential filtration

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24
Q

Soil and small pebbles (grit) are removed by

A

Sedimentation

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25
Q

Flocs are

A

Masses of bacteria associated with fungal filament to form mesh like structures

26
Q

Flocs are formed in

A

Secondary treatment

27
Q

Secondary treatment is AKA

A

Biological treatment

28
Q

BOD

A

Biochemical Oxygen Demand

29
Q

After BOD is reduced effluent is passed into

A

Settling tanks

30
Q

Bacterial floc sediment is called

A

Activated Sludge

31
Q

Remaining major part of activated sludge is passed to

A

Anaerobic sludge digesters

32
Q

Gases produced during anaerobic digestion

A

CH4, H2S, CO2 (BIOGAS)

33
Q

Effluent from Secondary treatment plant is

A

Released into rivers and streams

34
Q

Methanogens grow on

A

Cellulosic material

35
Q

Methanogens are

A

Anaerobic

36
Q

Methanogens produce

A

CH4, CO2, H2

37
Q

Methanogens example

A

Methanobacterium

38
Q

Bacteria present in rumen of cattle

A

Methanogens

39
Q

Methanogens are commonly found in which part of sewage treatment

A

Anaerobic sludge during secondary treatment

40
Q

Depth of biogas concrete tank

A

10-15 feet

41
Q

Spent slurry of biogas plant is used as

A

fertilizer

42
Q

Biogas technology was developed in India due to efforts of

A

Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) and Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC)

43
Q

Sustainability of landscape is directly related to

A

Variety in landscape

44
Q

Organic farming does not include

A

Genetically modified crops, biofortification and chemical pesticides and insecticides

45
Q

Ladybirds and dragonflies are useful to get rid of

A

Aphids and mosquitoes

46
Q

Bacillus thuringiensis helps in control of

A

Butterfly caterpillars on brassicas and fruit trees

47
Q

Trichoderma species are

A

Free living

48
Q

Trichoderma species are common in

A

Root ecosystem

49
Q

Baculoviruses attack

A

Insects and other arthropods

50
Q

Baculoviruses used as biocontrol agents mostly belong to genus

A

Nucleopolyhedrovirus

51
Q

Microbes used for species specific narrow spectrum insecticidal applications

A

Baculoviruses

52
Q

IPM

A

Integrated Pest Management

53
Q

Best insecticidal agent when ecologically sensitive area is being treated

A

Baculoviruses

54
Q

Nodules on roots of legumes

A

Rhizobium

55
Q

Free living bacterial nitrogen fixers

A

Azospirillum, Azotobacter

56
Q

Genus which most commonly forms mycorrhiza

A

Glomus

57
Q

Cyanobacteria examples

A

Anabaena, Nostoc, Oscillatoria

58
Q

Important biofertilisers in paddy fields

A

Cyanobacteria

59
Q

Mycorrhiza provides benefits such as

A

Resistance to plant pathogens, salinity and drought conditions

60
Q

r- selected species have

A

Large number of progeny with small size (oysters, pelagic fishes)

61
Q

k- selected species have

A

Less number of offspring with large size (elephant)

62
Q

Biofertiliser for Soyabean crop

A

Rhizobium

Biology (10 decks)

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