Set 3 Flashcards
List the three domains of learning
Cognitive, psychomotor, affective
Domain of learning that involves thinking (ex: learning information about how insulin works)
Cognitive
Domain of learning the involves thinking AND doing (ex: practicing administration of insulin)
Psychomotor
Domain of learning that involves feelings and emotions about a subject (ex: patient is eager and motivated to learn about diabetes)
Affective
A patient’s ability to learn and synthesize health-related information
Health literacy
Factors that aid learning
Intrinsic motivation, environment (quiet, well-lit)
Factors that can hinder learning
Pain, fatigue, decreased strength and dexterity, medical terminology, sensory deficits
_________ data is tangible and observed while _________ data comes from what the patient says
Objective; subjective
Shared beliefs, values, and/or customs that are influenced by race, geographic location, ethnicity, language, etc.
Culture
The belief that one’s own culture is superior to somebody else’s
Ethnocentrism
T or F: cultural competency begins with identifying your own beliefs and values
True
Cultural considerations from Jehovah’s Witness
May refuse blood products
Islam cultural considerations
Diet: no pork, alcohol, shellfish, fasting (during Ramadan)
Other: make accommodations for pts. To pray 5x/day; females may request female providers
Judaism cultural considerations
Kosher diet (no pork, no shellfish, meat and dairy should not be combined — for example, a hamburger may be allowed, but not a cheeseburger)
Mormon cultural considerations
No alcohol, tobacco, caffeinated products
Catholic cultural considerations
Avoid meat on Fridays during period of lent
Acupuncture is a form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), but may be contraindicated in patients with
Needle phobia, blood-borne pathogens
Herbal supplements are a form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), but may be contraindicated in patients with
Concurrent prescription drug use, coagulation disorders
Massage is a form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), but may be contraindicated in patients with
DVT, psychosis
Hypnosis and meditation are forms of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), but may be contraindicated in patients with
Psychosis (current or previous)
Chiropractic adjustments are a form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), but may be contraindicated in patients with
Fractures, bone cancers
Patient laying on back in neutral position
Supine
Patient position laying on stomach
Prone
_____ positioning can help improve oxygenation in respiratory distress and helps to prevent flexion contractions in patients with lower extremity amputations
Prone
Position in which patient is sitting up at an angle between 30-45 degrees
Semi-fowlers
Position in which patient is sitting up with HOB at 45-60 degrees
Fowlers
Position in which patient is sitting up with HOB at 60-90 degrees
High Fowlers
High Fowlers is ideal for patients with
Respiratory distress
Patient positioning on side
Lateral
Describe sims position
Patient lying on left side with left leg extended and right leg flexed at hip (ideal position for enema administration)
Patient positioning with bed flat (HOB down) and foot of bed elevated
Trendelenburg (ideal for patients with hypotension and shock)
Patient positioning with flat bed with HOB up and feet down
Reverse trendelenburg
Trendelenburg position consideration
Should not be used for long periods of time; may increase ICP
Patient positioned lying supine with legs flexed and abducted
Lithotomy (used during gynecological, rectal and urologic procedures)
Chain of infection components
Infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
Component of the chain of infection that describes the pathogen itself (virus, bacteria, etc.)
Infectious agent
Where the pathogen lives and multiplies
Reservoir (ex: body of water)
The way that the pathogen gets from the reservoir to something else
Portal of exit (ex: nose, mouth, feces)
How the infectious agent is transmitted from the reservoir to new host
Mode of transmission (ex: direct contact, airborne, droplet, etc)
How the infectious agents gets into its new host
Portal of entry (ex: nose, mouth, eyes, etc.)
Host that is infected by the infectious agent
Susepctible host
Stage of infection from the time the pathogen first enters the body until it starts to make its appearance known
Incubation period (pathogen is multiplying, symptoms not yet visible)
Stage of infection in which host begins to have initial symptoms, but the symptoms are vague and non-specific
Prodromal stage
Stage of infection in which symptoms specific to disease are present
Illness phase
Stage of infection in which symptoms start to disappear until host is fully healed
Convalescence stage
Stages of infection
Incubation, prodromal, illness, convalescence
