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Step 2 > Set 2 > Flashcards

Set 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Descending paralysis

A

C. botulinum

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2
Q

Transfusion reaction ABO mismatch vs. IgA deficiency

A

IgA deficiency happens in SECONDS-MINUTES

ABO takes longer to develop but can result in hemolysis, shock, DIC and ARF

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3
Q

SIADH diagnostic criteria (2)

A

plasma osm 150 (100-150)

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4
Q

Screening age for DM if no RF, cutoffs (4)?

A 
45yo
A1c >6.5
Fasting BG >125
Random BG >200 + sx
OGTT >200 (75g at 2 hrs)
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5
Q

radial-side wrist pain worsened by thumb movement

A

DeQeurvain’s tenosynovitis (common postpartum)

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6
Q

partially acid fast gram + branching rods, Tx

A

Nocardia, Bactrim

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7
Q

“SNAP” for atypical gram + bugs (2)

A

Sulfa for Nocarida, Actinomyces use Penecillin

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8
Q

Tx diabetic nephrophathy

A

Improve BP control! also gabapentin

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9
Q

Bilateral hilar and paratracheal adenopathy with reticualr opacities/infiltrates

A

Sarcoidosis

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10
Q

MCC organism associated with Reiter’s Syndrome (reactive arthritis)?

A

Chlamydia

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11
Q

muddy brown casts

A

ATN!! (they are renal epithelial cells)

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12
Q

statistics test to compare means? proportions?

A

2 means –> T-test “T for 2”
3 means –> ANOVA (3 syllables)
Proportions –> Chi-squared

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13
Q

Tx TCA overdose?

A

sodium bicarbonate –> improves SBP, narrows the QRS and decreases ventricular arrhythmias

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14
Q

3 causes of post-cholecystectomy pain?

A

Functional
Spincter of Odi dysfxn
CBD stone
If alk phos elevated / biliary tree dilation –> ERCP to distinguish 2 and 3

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15
Q

3 RF for osteosarcoma

A

Chemo, radiation, Paget’s disease

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16
Q

Hazard Ratio

A

Experimental/control relative occurance of outcome
higher in CONTROL group
>1 –> higher in EXPERIMENTAL group

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17
Q

4 criteria to dx brain death

A

absent CNS reflexes
fixed,dilated pupils
no spontaneous respiration
2 physicians MUST agree

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18
Q

Painful bullae and necrosis on breasts, butt, thighs abd

A

Warfarin-induced skin necrosis

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19
Q

Pathogenesis warfarin-induced skin necrosis, Tx?

A

Protein C deficiency –> Tx vitamin K and switch to heparin

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20
Q

Ca, Phos, PTH levels in 2ndary hyperPTH

A

increased Phosphrous and PTH

decreased calcium

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21
Q

Sinusitis in a diabetic

A

Mucormycosis (rhizopus)

22
Q

p-ANCA and HLA-B27 (2)

A

either ankylosing sponylitis or ulcerative colitis

23
Q

2 MI complications wks–>months later

A

Ventricular aneurysm (CHF, MR and persistent ST elevations) or Dressler’s snydrome (fibrinous pericarditis)

24
Q

Asymptomatic pulmonary nodule, must consider?

A

histoplasmosis (MS, OH central america)

25
Q

3 test w/u of galactorrhea

A

Pregnancy test, TSH and PRL

26
Q

2 conditions ass. with cystic hygromas

A

Turners and Downs

27
Q

Etiology and pathogenesis of osteitis fibrosis cystica

A

hyperPTH from replacement of normal bone architecture with fibrous tissue (brown tumors)

28
Q

HIV patient with bloody diarrhea, suspect…

A

CMV colitis, tx ganciclovir

29
Q

Tx rosacea

A

topical metronidazole

30
Q

NNT equation

A 
NNT = 1/ARR
ARR = incidence in control - incidence in experimental group
31
Q

normal pleural pH? what does a low pH imply?

A

7.6 = normal
7.35 = transudate
<7.2 = requires chest tube to prevent empyema formation

32
Q

Vertigo, vomiting, occipital HA and HTN?

A

cerebellar hemorrhage

33
Q

Tx fibromyalgia

A

TCAs and exercise

34
Q

HTN <20wks gestation (2)

A

chronic HTN or hydatiform mole

35
Q

increased WBCs with bands and segs, increased platelets, decreased RBCs

A

chronic MYELOGENOUS leukemia = increased MATURE granulocytes

36
Q

Tx SVT

A 
unstable = DC cardiovert
stable = try carotic massage/vagal maneuvers, if fails then adenosine (blocks AV node)
37
Q

kid with short stature, pancytopenia, cafe au lait spots, thumb abnormalities

A

Fanconi’s anemia (Fanconi’s has Fucked up thumbs)

38
Q

Tx hepatic encephalopathy

A

Lactulose (acidifies colon to decr. ammonia)
neomycin/rifaximin (decr. ammonia producing bacteria)
Laxative

39
Q

depigmentation

A

ALWAYS consider vitiligo, AI destruction of melanocytes

40
Q

MC site of HTN hemorrhage

A

Putamen +/- internal capsule

41
Q

Aspirin use causing nasal blockage and SOB/wheezing? Tx?

A

ASA sensitivity syndrome = pseudoallergic rxn causing bronchoconstriction and nasal polyps
Tx leukotriene receptor antagonists (–lukast or zileuton).

42
Q

Risk of treating Hodgkn’s Lymphoma with chemoradation

A

development of secondary malignancies (Lung or BCA) ~20 yrs later

43
Q

Pathogenesis and Tx of scleroderma?

A

Connective Tissue thickening (myelofibroblasts and collagen) –>
in kidneys, cause HTN
in lungs, cause pulmonary arterial HTN and RIGHT heart failure
GI, cause eosphageal and gastric dysmotility / GERD

44
Q

FEV1 <85%

A

Restrictive lung disease (pulmonar fibrosis)

45
Q

Dx malignant HTN

A

> 180/120 AND evidence of end-organ damage (retinal hemorrhage, exudate, papilledema)

46
Q

Immune response induced by toxin vaccines

A

T-cell dependent B-cell response

47
Q

NT derrangements in Parkinson’s

A

decreased DA

increased ACh

48
Q

Tx WPW in setting of Afib?

A

cardioversion or procainamide (NOT AV nodal blockers like normal tx)

49
Q

Tx Tourette’s

A

TYPICAL antipsychotics = pimozide, fluphenazine or haldol

50
Q

Projection psychological response

A

projecting YOUR unacceptable thoughts/behaviors on others (cheater accuses his wife of cheating)

Step 2 (20 decks)

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