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Peds 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Jerky dancing in eyes and limbs, bluish skin nodules and tender abd mass? Dx test?

A

Neuroblastoma

Dx = urine homovanillic or vanillylmandelic acid

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2
Q

CALLA and TDT positive testing

A

ALL

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3
Q

Tx ALL

A

VDP (vincristine, dexamethasone and prednisolone) + Intrathecal methotrexate

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4
Q

14yo boy with enlarged, painless rubbery LN, diaphoresis and weight loss

A

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

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5
Q

CD15/CD30 and Reed Sternberg Cells

A

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

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6
Q

7yo girl, nonproductive cough and large anterior mediastinal mass

A

Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma

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7
Q

kid with high fever for 3 days THEN a pink, maculopapular rash develops on trunk and extremities

A

Roseola (HHV^ or 7) = exanthema subitum

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8
Q

2yo with fever, lacy reticular rash on face and upper body (not on palms/soles)

A

Parvo b19 5th disease = erythema infectiosum

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9
Q

Parvo is particularly bad in (3)

A

pregnancy, SS or thalassemia

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10
Q

Sandpaper rash

A

Scarlet Fever

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11
Q

Kid with sore throat develops 1-2 weeks later a maculopapular rash, desquamating that begins centrally and extends peripherally with strawberry tongue

A

Scarlet fever

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12
Q

Kid with a cough and runny nose, fever develops a macular rash around ears that spreads downwards, PE with gray spots on buccal mucosa

A

paramyxovirus = measles

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13
Q

Tx measles

A

supportive care and VITAMIN A!!!

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14
Q

kid with a sore throat develops fever, joint pain, fine rash on face that spread downwards with red spots on palate noted on PE

A

Rubella

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15
Q

Kid with poor feeding, vesicles on mouth, palm and soles with rash on butt/LE, +/- similar kids in daycare

A

Hand foot and mouth = coxsackie A virus

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16
Q

16yo male with swollen cheeks, fever and HA

A

paramyxovirus = MUMPS

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17
Q

2 serious sequelae of mumps

A

orchitis and/or sterility

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18
Q

Tx lyme disease

A

amoxicilin if <8yo, doxy of older

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19
Q

2 possible complications of RMSF

A

vasculitis and gangrene

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20
Q

Tx RMSF

A

doxycycline at ALL ages

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21
Q

Tx scabies

A

5% permethrin for ENTIRE family

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22
Q

kid with conjunctiva, multiple blisters and positive nikolsky sign, Tx?

A

SSS syndrome

Tx = IV oxicillin or nafcillin

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23
Q

MC tx for meningitis

A

ceftriaxone and vanc

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24
Q

Tx TB meningitis

A

RIPE and* steroids

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25
Q

Tx lyme meningitis

A

ceftriaxone

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26
Q

Tx listeria meningitis

A

ampicillin

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27
Q

Tx acute OM

A

amoxicillin or azithro

if no improvement, augmentin

28
Q

Tx otitis externa

A

ciprofloxacin

29
Q

strep throat criteria

A

Fever, anterior cervical LAD, exudates and lack of cough

30
Q

Tx retropharyngeal abscess

A

aspirate or I&D plus: 3rd gen cephalosporine, ampicillin or clindamycin

31
Q

indications for tonsillectomy

A

6x/year for 2 yrs or 3x/yr for 3+ years

32
Q

Steeple sign

33
Q

Hot potato / muffled voice

A

retropharyngeal abscess

34
Q

Tx croup

A

mist, epinephrine nebulizer and steroids

35
Q

“tripod” position

A

epiglotitis

36
Q

thumbprint sign

A

epiglotitis

37
Q

MCC pneumonia in neonate

A

GBS, E coli or listeria

38
Q

MCC pneumonia infant 1-3mo

A

Chlamydia, RSV, parainfluenza or strep

39
Q

MCC pneumonia 4mo-5yo??

A

RSV or strep pneumo

40
Q

MCC pneumonia in kid>5yo

A

mycoplasma or strep pneumo

41
Q

“staccato cough”

A

chlamydial pneumonia

42
Q

Tx whooping cough (pertussis)

A

erythromycin 14d AND for ENTIRE family

43
Q

Tx pyelonephritis

A

ceftriaxone OR amp+gent

44
Q

Anterior knee pain with swelling over tibial tubercle

A

Osgood-Schlatter

45
Q

Dandy Walker Malformation

A

cystic expansion of the 4th ventricle and agenesis of the cerebellar vermis

46
Q

multiple symmetric contraction episodes of neck, trunk and extremities in infant? Tx?

A

infantile spasms

Tx = ACTH, 2nd line is prednisone

47
Q

Infant EEG with asychronous, chaotic bilateral hyperarrhythmia

A

infantile spasms

48
Q

8yo with poor balance, weak/no DTRs, upgoing babinski and dysarthric speech

A

friedreich ataxia

49
Q

triad of friedreich ataxia

A

neuro (ataxia, dysarthria)
skeletal (scoliosis, hammer toes)
cardiac (HCM)

50
Q

MCC death in friedreich ataxia

A

HCM, within 20yrs

51
Q

Friedrich Ataxia inheritence

52
Q

2 yo with gait issues, loss of intellectual fxn, nystagmus and optic atrophy

A

metachromatic leukodystrophy

53
Q

Pathophysiology metachromatic leukodystrophy

A

patho = deficiency of arylsulfatase A –> cerebroside sulfate accumulation

54
Q

12 yo. Decreased school performance, behavior change, ataxia, spasticity, hyperpigmentation, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, acidosis

A

Adrenoleukodystrophy

55
Q

inheritance of metachromatic and adreno-leukodystrophies

A 
MLD = AR
ALD = XLR
56
Q

6yo who is clumsy, frequent falls, thin legs, pes cavus and claw hand? Dx tests?

A

Charcot-Marie Tooth
Dx EMG, bx +/- DNA testing
normal* CPK

57
Q

fanconi anemia vs diamond-blackfan anemia?

A
  • fanconi - older kid (8 yo). progressive pancytopenia, macrocytosis. cafe au lait, absent thumbs, horseshoe kidneys
  • diamond-blackfan/ congenital hypoplastic anemia - most dx <1 yo. macrocytic pure red cell aplasia. short, webbed neck, cleft lip, shield chest, triphalangeal thumbs.
58
Q

Kid with gout? pathophys

A

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, HGPRT deficency

59
Q

Pathophys and dx of homocysteinuria? Tx?

A 
patho = AR deficiency of cystathionine synthase
dx = increased homocysteine AND methionine
Tx = VIt B6 first then restrict methionine, supplement cysteine
60
Q

Neonate with pustules containing eosinophils

A

erythema toxicum = self-limited benign

61
Q

Supplementation of breastfed-only infants?

62
Q

bilious vomiting WITHOUT abd distention?

A

MC duodenal atresia (a/w downs)

63
Q

increased gastric residual volume after decompression in premature infant?

A

Necrotizing eterocolitis

64
Q

frog leg position. Small secondary to feeding problems, hypotonic, fasciulation fo tongue. Absent DTR. Dx?
neonate with big body and tongue, but small head, omphalocele, hepatosplenomeg, hypogly/hyperins

A

Beckwith-Weidmann Syndrome

65
Q

GI finding in congenital hypothyroidism

A

umbilical hernia

66
Q

few days or weeks after birth with FTT, liver failure (jaundice, hepatomegaly), abn renal function, emesis, anorexia, glycosuira, infantile cataracts, later MR? enz? tx?

A
  • galactosemia
  • galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase
  • tx: limit lactose and galactose

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