Epidemiology Flashcards
Sensitivity
a/(a+c) = TP/(TP+FN)
Specificity
d/(b+d) = TN/(TN+FP)
PPV
a/(a+b) = TP/(TP+FP)
NPV
d/(c+d) = TN/(TN+FN)
which statistical values are affected by prevalence?
PPV and NPV
Positive Likelihood Ratio
sensitivity/1-specificity = TP/FP
Negative Likelihood Ratio
1-sensitivity/specificity = FN/TN
absolute risk
incidence
attributable risk
incidence of risk exposed - incidence of risk unexposed
Relative risk
Incidence in exposed / incidence unexposed (a ratio) = [a/(a+b)] / [c/(c+d)]
Odds ratio
ad / bc
Type 1 error
conclude there is a difference when in fact there is not
Type 2 error
conclude there is no difference when in fact there is
Power
Power = 1 - type 2 error
Live attenuated vaccines (6)
MMR, sabin polio, yellow fever, nasal flu
inactivated vaccines (5)
cholera, influenza, HAV, salk polio, rabies
Subunit vaccines (5)
HPV, HBV, pneumococcus, meningococcus, pertussis
Conjugated vaccines (2)
Hib, S pneumo
