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Step 2 > OB/GYN 2 > Flashcards

OB/GYN 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Ca2+ supplementation in postmenopausal women

A

1200-1500mg/day (+vit d)

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2
Q

3 Tx for osteoporosis

A

exercise, SERMS (no effect on hot flashes) and bisphosphonates (improve BMD and prevent frx)

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3
Q

what amt of wt gain during pregnancy is recomnneded for those of:
normal wt
underwt
overwt
what is the kcal goal?

A

normal = 25-35lbs

underweight = 35-40lbs

overweight = 15lbs

i.e. 30-35kcal/kg of IDEAL body weight

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4
Q

3 MC meds during pregnancy

A

prenatal vitamin, anti-emetic (Zofran), ranitidine (GERD)

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5
Q

3 MC effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy

A

IUGR, preterm delivery, placental abruption

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6
Q

Braxton Hicks contractions

A

false labor (no physiologic changes)

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7
Q

4 stages of pregnancy

A
  1. first stage: onset of labor–> full cervical dilation (10 cm)
    latent phase: cervical effacement–> early dilation
    active phase: 4 cm dilation and onward is active dilation
  2. second stage: complete cervical dilation–> delivery of infant
  3. third stage: delivery of infant–> delivery of placenta
  4. fourth stage: 2 hrs after delivery of placenta (physiological adjustment)
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8
Q

7 cardinal movements of labor

A

engagement (zero station), flexion, descent, internal rotation, extension, external rotation, expulsion

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9
Q

2 causes of overestimating fetal descent/station

A

caput succedaneum, molding

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10
Q

extensive blood loss after delivering the placenta? Tx?

A

Uterine atony, tx= uterine massage, oxytocin, methergine and prostaglandins

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11
Q

2 meds for cervical ripening and CI, alternatives

A

Misoprostol and PGE2

CI if prior C-section, prior uterine srgy

alternatives = laminaria and 30ml foley catheter

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12
Q

6 etiologies of chronic HTN in pregnancy

A

essential HTN, aortic coarctation, CT d/s, hyperthyroidism, hyperaldosteronism, Cushing’s d/s

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13
Q

5 maternal complications of chronic HTN during pregnancy

A

cerebrovascular accident, placental abruption, super-imposed pre-eclampsia, renal disease, retinopathy

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14
Q

3 tx for chronic HTN in pregnancy

A

methyldopa, labetolol, nifedipine

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15
Q

MCC death of pregnant mom

A

Pre-eclampsia

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16
Q

5 maternal complications of pre-eclampsia

A

CVA, ARF, pulmonary edema, eclampsia, death

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17
Q

5 fetal complications of pre-eclampsia

A

IUGR, anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, death

18
Q

8 RF for placental abruption

A

age >35, multiparity/gestation, HTN, smoking, cocaine, uterine anomalies, prior hx

19
Q

3 tx placental abruption

A

C-section, IVF/transfusions, FFP/platelets

20
Q

MCC neonatal mortality

A

preterm delivery

21
Q

define prolonged latent phase, 1st pregnancy vs multiparous

A

1st = >20hrs

2+ = >14hrs

22
Q

arrest of dilation definition

A

no change in dilation for 2+ hrs in the ACTIVE phase of labor

23
Q

protracted desecent of labor nullipara vs multipara

A

nullipara = >2hrs of 2nd stage of labor

multipara = >1hr of 2nd phase

24
Q

3 tx for abnormal labor

A

abx if maternal infxn, amniotomy, oxytocin

25
Q

5 MC indications for C-section

A

dystocia, prior CS, fetal distress, bleeding, malpresentation

26
Q

MC complications of CS (5)

A

hemorrhage >> endometritis, UTI, bladder/bowel injury, wound infxn

27
Q

MCC post-op complication of CS

A

endometritis

28
Q

ml for post-partum hemorrhage vaginal vs. CS

A

vaginal = >500ml

CS = >1000ml

29
Q

MCC post-partum hemorrhage

A

uterine atony

30
Q

MCC emergency HYSTERECTOMY

A

placenta accreta

31
Q

lacerations MC in precipitous vs. instrument delivery

A

precipitous = cervical

instrument = vaginal

32
Q

4 causes of post-partum coagulopathy

A

severe pre-eclampsia, placental abruption, sepsis, amniotic fluid embolism

33
Q

Tx post-partum coagulopathy

A

platelets, FFP and croprecipitate

34
Q

3 organisms causing endometritis

A

coliforms, bacteroides, streptococcus

35
Q

post-partum fever, tachycardia, pelvic pain and tenderness but otherwise no localizing sx, dx?

A

endometritis

36
Q

Tx endometritis

A

DOC = clinda + gent

OR metro+PCN OR amp+gent OR cefotetan

37
Q

Tx post-CS wound infxn

A

nafcillin and vancomycin

38
Q

4 RF for post-partum UTI

A

prior infxn, prolonged catheterization, SS disease, immunodeficiency

39
Q

Tx UTI postpartum (oral vs. IV)

A

oral = bactrim or nitrofurantion, augmentin

IV = ceftriaxone, gent or aztreonam

40
Q

4 MCC post-partum UTI

A

E coli, klebsiella, proteus, gram+

41
Q

3 tx for post-partum depression

A

SSRI, venlafaxine or buproprion

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