Set 1.8 Flashcards by Nathaneille Cunanan

Functional unit of bone
a. lamellae
b. lacunae
c. osteon
d. voklmann’s

c. osteon

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Remnants of HERS is also known as Epithelial rests of Malassez. Periapical and radicular cyst derived their cyst from Rest of Malassez.
a. Both statements are true
b. Both statements are false
c. The first statement is true, second statement is false
d. The first statement is false, second statement is true

a. Both statements are true

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Which of the following most accurately describes
trigeminal neuralgia?
a. Dull pain with pressure
b. Brief periods of sharp excruciating pain
c. Unilateral paralysis of the face
d. Unilateral episodes of prolonged pain

b. Brief periods of sharp excruciating pain

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The main distinguishing feature of duodenum is the
presence of Valves of Kerkcring. The main distinguishing feature of jejunum is the presence of glands in the mucosa known as Brunner’s glands.
a. Both statements are true
b. Both statements are false
c. The first statement is true, second statement is false
d. The first statement is false, second statement is true

b. Both statements are false

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Enzyme responsible for dissolving blood clots
a. prothrombin
b. plasmin
c. thrombin
d. fibrinogen

b. plasmin

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The parotid gland is derived from endoderm. The sublingual and submandibular are derived from ectoderm.
a. Both statements are true
b. Both statements are false
c. The first statement is true, second statement is false
d. The first statement is false, second statement is true

b. Both statements are false

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Major intracellular cation
a. sodium
b. potassium
c. magnesium
d. chromium

b. potassium

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Enamel is a highly mineralized structure containing
approximately 95% of organic materials. The largest mineral constituents are hydroxyapatite crystals.
a. Both statements are true
b. Both statements are false
c. The first statement is true, second statement is false
d. The first statement is false, second statement is true

d. The first statement is false, second statement is true

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Which of the following anomalies can occur with a
disturbance during the initiation and proliferation stages in tooth development?
a. size
b. shape
c. number
d. calcification

c. number

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DNA is composed of 4 bases linked to ribose and
phosphate. It consists of 2 strands of nucleotides in the form of a double helix.
a. Both statements are true
b. Both statements are false
c. The first statement is true, second statement is false
d. The first statement is false, second statement is true

d. The first statement is false, second statement is true

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Closure of the aortic valve occurs before the following event
a. presystole
b. prediastole
c. isovolumetric relaxation
d. isovolumetric contraction

d. isovolumetric contraction

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The kidneys are a paired organ which is highly vascular. The kidneys filter blood and regulate the volume of and composition of body fluids during the formation of urine. The first statement is _
a. Incorrect and the second statement is correct
b. Correct and the second statement is incorrect
c. Correct and the second statement is correct
d. Incorrect and the second statement is incorrect

c. Correct and the second statement is correct

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In females, the effect of follicle stimulating hormone is
a. final maturation of ovarian follicle and the release of estrogen
b. early maturation of ovarian follicle and the release of estrogen
c. final maturation of ovarian follicle and the release of progesterone
d. early maturation of ovarian follicle and the release of progesterone

b. early maturation of ovarian follicle and the release of estrogen

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The major regulatory protein in muscle tissues are
a. actin, myosin
b. troponin, tropomyosin
c. myosin, tropomyosin
d. actin, troponin

b. troponin, tropomyosin

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Organ with most permeable capillaries
a. brain
b. kidney
c. liver
d. heart

c. liver

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When the foot is abducted, it moves _
a. inward
b. outward
c. superior
d. inferior

a. inward

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The organelle involved in the oxidative process of a cell is
a. golgi complex
b. mitochondria
c. nucleolus
d. endoplasmic reticulum

b. mitochondria

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Universal donor
a. O-
b. O+
c. AB+
d. AB-

a. O-

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The pathway for pain and temperature is _
a. Tyrosine
b. Corticospinal tract
c. Lateral spinothalmic tract
d. Phenylalanine

c. Lateral spinothalmic tract

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Treatment of choice for subgaleal hematoma
a. Conservative
c. needle aspiration
b. Antibiotics
d. incision and evacuation

a. Conservative

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Cholinergic receptors in the target cells of the
parasympathetic nervous system are
a. muscarinic and nicotinic
c. nicotinic and isotonic
b. alpha and beta
d. muscarinic and hypertonic

a. muscarinic and nicotinic

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Muscles which open the glottis are
a. thyroarytenoid
c. cricothyroid
b. lateral cricoarytenoid
d. posterior cricoarytenoid

d. posterior cricoarytenoid

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Which node would first show enlargement from an
infection of mandibular incisor?
a. Submental
b. Parotid
c. Submandibular
d. Supramandibular

a. submental

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From which of these arteries in the neck is the source of arterial blood supply to the oral cavity?
a. subclavian
c. internal carotid
b. internal jugular
d. external carotid

d. external carotid

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These calcified dental tissues contain cell or part of cells within it EXCEPT a. cementum c. dentin b. enamel d. bone

b. enamel

As we age, fat is deposited in what layer of the heart? a. epicardium b. myocardium c. endocardium d. pericardium

a. epicardium

Topographic location of carina a. sternal angle, between T4-T5 level b. 5th left intercostal space c. superior border of thyroid cartilage d. at common carotid artery

a. sternal angle, between T4-T5 level

The gold standard in determining clinical glomerular filtration rate is inulin clearance. Creatinine clearance is the most practically used measure of kidney function. a. Both statements are true b. Both statements are false c. The first statement is true, second statement is false d. The first statement is false, second statement is true

a. Both statements are true

Alveolar process is thinnest in a. facial of mandibular central incisors b. facial of maxillary 2nd molars c. lingual of maxillary central incisors d. lingual of maxillary canine

a. facial of mandibular central incisors

In both sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, all preganglionic neurons are _ a. dopaminergic b. cholinergic c. serotogenic d. adrenergic

b. cholinergic

Oxygen dissociation curve shifts to the right by all of the following except a. Rise in temperature b. Rise in pH c. Rise in carbon dioxide tension d. Rise in H+ ions

b. Rise in pH

Calcium that enters cell during smooth muscle excitation binds with which of the following? a. troponin b. inactive myosin kinase c. calmodulin d. myosin

c. calmodulin

The component of bone tissue that gives bone tensile strength is the a. elastic fibers b. calcified ground substance c. collagenous fibrils of matrix d. interconnecting canaliculi

c. collagenous fibrils of matrix

Which lymphokines have anti-viral activity? a. tumor necrosis factor b. interleukin 2 c.interleukin 1 d. interferon

d. interferon

Lacrimation does not occur when the facial nerve injury is at a. semicircular canal b. mastoid foramen c. geniculate ganglion d. sphenopalatine ganglion

c. geniculate ganglion

In which teeth will be most likely see a bifurcation in the apical third of the root? a. mandibular molars c. maxillary first molars b. maxillary second molars d. maxillary first premolars

d. maxillary first premolars

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the salivary glands stem travel via the branches of which cranial nerves? a. 5,7 b. 9, 10 c. 7,9 d. 7, 11

c. 7,9

Mandible develops from what branchial arch? a. 1st b. 2nd c. 3rd d. 4th

a. 1st

If the nucleotide sequence of Stand A of DNA is TTT TTA CCC GAT CAA AAA GAA TCG CGT GCT, what is the nucleotide sequence of Strand B? a. AAA UUC CAC GCC CAA UUG CGG GAA GCA CGU b. UUU UUA CCC CAU GUU AAU GAA GCC CAG GCA c. TTT TTA CCC CAT CAA AAA GAA TCG CGT GGT d. AAA AAT GGG CTA GTT TTT CTT AGC GCA CGA

d. AAA AAT GGG CTA GTT TTT CTT AGC GCA CGA

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidney? a. blood pressure regulation b. regulate acid base balance c. production of vitamin B complex d. excretion of waste products

c. production of vitamin B complex

Which of the permanent incisors is most frequently markedly concave on the lingual surface? a. maxillary lateral incisors b. maxillary central incisors c. mandibular lateral incisors d. mandibular central incisors

a. maxillary lateral incisors

Primary crown mineralization (calcification) generally begins a. in the third and sixth week in utero b. in the second trimester c. in the third trimester d. at birth

b. in the second trimester

Most highly mineralized portion of dentin a. intratubular c. intertubular b. interglobular d. mantle

a. intratubular

Which of these is NOT a lymphatic organ? a. spleen b. liver c. thymus d. tonsil

b. liver

Which of the following is derived from the unsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes? a. histamine b. serotonin c. prostaglandins d. endorphins

c. prostaglandins

How many plane of movement can the mandible move in? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

c. 3

When scaling and root planing, you are using a firm finger rest for minutes at a time. Which of the following are receptors used when you are manipulating an instrument in your fingers? a. pacinian corpuscles b. meissner’s corpuscles c. ruffini’s corpuscles d. krause’s corpuscle

a. pacinian corpuscles

Which cell lines the lumen of the seminiferous tubules and secretes hormones, androgen-binding proteins and other proteins that facilitate spermatogenesis? a. interstitial cells of Leydig b. principal cells c. sertoli cells d. clara cells

c. sertoli cells

The hypoglossal nerve is the motor nerve to all of the muscles of the tongue EXCEPT a. superior longitudinal muscle b. inferior longitudinal muscle c. palatoglossus d. genioglossus

c. palatoglossus

Which of these muscles of mastication is attached to the temporomandibular joint capsules? a. internal pterygoid b. external pterygoid c. masseter d. temporalis

b. external pterygoid

The greater wing of sphenoid bone contain the optic canal that transmits the optic nerve and a. ophthalmic artery b. middle meningeal artery c. ophthalmic vein d. mandibular nerve

a. ophthalmic artery

Class of antibody is the first antibody to appear in the circulation after antigen stimulation a. IgA b. IgG c. IgM d. IgD

c. IgM

The dentino-enamel junction is characterized as a. straight line junction b. spikes into the enamel c. scalloped with convexity towards dentin d. rete pegs into dentin

c. scalloped with convexity towards dentin

What protein is crucial in the absorption of vitamin B12? a. gastrin c. intrinsic factor b. amylase d. pepsin

c. intrinsic factor

A fracture through the angle of the mandible can result in an upward displacement of the proximal fragment. Which of the following groups of muscles produces this movement? a. digastric, geniohyoid b. masseter, digastric, lateral pterygoid c. masseter, temporal, lateral pterygoid d. masseter, temporal, medial pterygoid

d. masseter, temporal, medial pterygoid

Intercellular junction which doesn’t allow passage of fluids between cells a. zonula occludens b. macula adherens c. zona adherens d. gap junction

a. zonula occludens

During respiration, carbon dioxide and oxygen exchanged at the junction of the blood and alveolar spaces and the junction of the blood and tissue. The actual diffusion of the gases is primarily controlled by the _ a. bicarbonate content of the blood b. atmospheric pressure c. elasticity of blood capillaries d. differentials in partial pressure of the gases

d. differentials in partial pressure of the gases

After the facial nerve exits through the stylomastoid foramen, it ramifies in the substance of the parotid gland in 5 branches. All are correctly listed below EXCEPT a. zygomatic c. cervical b. auricular d. temporal

b. auricular

The following bones compose the base of the cranium EXCEPT a. frontal b. occipital c. sphenoid d. mandible

d. mandible

Innervation of the tip of the nose a. ophthalmic division c. mandibular nerve b. maxillary branch d. IAN

a. ophthalmic division

The cytoplasm of osteoblasts appears to be basophilic via normal H&E stain due to the presence of a large amounts of a. SER b. RER c. mitochonDRIA d. lysosomes

b. RER

Which of the following cranial nerves have parasympathetic activity? a. 2, 3, 7, 9 b. 2, 5, 9, 10 c. 3, 5, 7, 9 d. 3, 7, 9, 10

d. 3, 7, 9, 10

In sickle cell anemia, when glutamine is replaced by valine, it is characterized by a. Degradation of beta chain b. Mis-sense mutation of beta chain c. Deletion of beta chain d. Deletion of alpha chain

b. Mis-sense mutation of beta chain

Muscle of the back innervated by cranial nerve 11 a. latissimus dorsi b. trapezius c. rhomboid minor d. rhomboid major

b. trapezius

Primary mandibular 2nd molar most closely resembles which permanent tooth? a. mandibular 1st molar b. mandibular 2nd molar c. maxillary 1st molar d. maxillary 2nd molar

a. mandibular 1st molar

By puncturing an artery, you have hit the vessel with the greatest a. resistance b. cross-sectional area c. pressure d. blood volume

c. pressure

The following muscles adduct the thigh except a. adductor policis b. adductor brevis c. adductor longus d. gracilis

a. adductor policis

In basic life support, the most common way of opening the airway is by a. tracheal tube placement b. pulling out of the patient’s tongue c. head-tilt chin-lift method d. jaw thrust method

c. head-tilt chin-lift method

Paralysis of the upper eyelid is due to damage of what cranial nerve a. CN 3 b. CN 4 c. CN 6 d. CN 7

a. CN 3

All-or-none phenomenon refers to a. strength of muscle contraction b. resting potential c. action potential d. excitatory postsynaptic potential

c. action potential

Which of the following prevents cracking of enamel during mastication? a. enamel spindle b. hunter-schreger c. enamel rods d. mamelons

b. hunter-schreger

The portion of myofibril between 2 _ constitutes sarcomere which is the functional unit of skeletal muscle. a. Z-line b. A band c. I band d. M line

a. Z-line

Sound generated by blood pressure cuff during blood pressure taking a. korotkoff sound b. heart sound c. lubb d. dubb

a. korotkoff sound

OS means a. left eye b. right eye c. right ear d. left ear

a. left eye

Parotid gland is derived from a. ectoderm b. mesoderm c. endoderm d. none of the above

a. ectoderm

The palatal mucosa of the maxillary anterior teeth is innervated by a. anterior infraorbital nerve b. nasopalatine nerve c. ASAN d. anterior palatine nerve

b. nasopalatine nerve

Thin filaments in skeletal muscle are composed of a. actin b. troponin c. myosin d. tropomyosin

a. actin

The nerve plexus of Raschkow is located in the a. cell rich layer b. central pulp core c. cell free layer d. odontoblast layer

c. cell free layer

The respiratory tract is lined with a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Stratified cuboidal epithelium c. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium d. Simple ciliated columnar epithelium

c. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Largest and the fewest in number papilla on the posterior part of the tongue a. circumvallate b. filiform c. von ebners d. folliate

a. circumvallate

Part of the blood lacking fibrinogen and clotting factors a. transudate b. serum c. exudate d. plasma

b. serum

Treatment with low dose aspirin is prescribed for what reason a. Stimulate cyclooxygenase in platelets b. Cause platelets to regenerate c. Increase formation of thromboxane d. Reduce platelet aggregation

d. Reduce platelet aggregation

Average daily urine output a. 0.5 L b. 1.5 L c. 2.5 L d. 3.5 L

b. 1.5 L

Programmed cell death a. necrobiosis b. pyknosis c. apoptosis d. necrosis

c. apoptosis

The following causes a decrease in ADH EXCEPT a. drinking large amounts of water b. ethanol c. caffeine d. nicotine

d. nicotine

All of the following are TRUE about skeletal muscle EXCEPT a. cylindrical in shape b. multiple nucleus c. presence of striations d. centrally-located nucleus

d. centrally-located nucleus

All of the following muscles elevates the mandible EXCEPT a. mylohyoid c. masseter b. internal pterygoid muscle d. temporalis

a. mylohyoid

Tooth with pronounce concavity on its mesial surface a. maxillary 1st premolar b. mandibular 1st premolar. c. maxillary 2nd premolar d. mandibular 2nd premolar

a. maxillary 1st premolar

GnRH is produced by a. pituitary gland b. adrenal gland c. hypothalamus d. thyroid gland

c. hypothalamus

The common carotid artery may be palpated at a. transverse process of C5 b. transverse process of C6 c. hyoid bone c. upper border of adam’s apple

c. hyoid bone

The greater wing of sphenoid contain the optic canal that transmits the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery. The lesser wing of sphenoid bone contains foramen rotundum, ovale, spinosum. a. Both statements are true b. Both statements are false c. The first statement is true, second statement is false d. The first statement is false, second statement is true

b. Both statements are false

The secretomotor supply of the parotid gland is through a. Submandibular ganglion b. Gasserian ganglion c. Otic Ganglion d. Geniculate ganglion

c. Otic Ganglion

Most common form of Hemoglobin in humans a. Hemoglobin A c. Hemoglobin S b. Hemoglobin M d. Hemoglobin H

a. Hemoglobin A

Main excretory duct of pancreas a. Wolffian c. Santorini b. Kerckring d. Wirsung

d. Wirsung

Which of the following is CORRECT with respect to the roots of the maxillary permanent first molar? a. Palatal root is flattened and concave on mesial and distal surfaces b. Distobuccal root is flattened and concave c. Palatal root is located closed to the mesial d. Palatal root may have a concave lingual surface

d. Palatal root may have a concave lingual surface

Which of the following group of organs are all retroperitoneal? a. pancreas, stomach, ovary b. ureter, gallbladder, transverse colon c. pancreas, transverse and descending colon d. kidney, rectum, adrenal gland

d. kidney, rectum, adrenal gland

The space in the posterior part of the upper vestibule of the oral cavity will be reduced by which of the following bony structure when the mouth is open? a. styloid process b. condylar process c. coronoid process d. maxillary tuberosity

c. coronoid process

In the surgical excision of the parotid gland, which of the following structures may be damaged? a. facial nerve, external carotid artery, auriulotemporal nerve b. lesser occipital nerve, spinal accessory nerve, hypoglossal nerve c. submandibular duct d. motor nerves to the temporal muscle

a. facial nerve, external carotid artery, auriulotemporal nerve