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Set 1 > Set 1.5 General and Oral Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Set 1.5 General and Oral Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Injury to this part of the brain may result to amnesia, behavioral abnormalities, psychosis and emotional problems.
a. Limbic system
b. Thalamus
c. Cerebellum
d. Medulla oblongata

A

a. Limbic system

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2
Q

When performing one-man E-C clamp technique during CPR, the index and
thumb will form a “C” to _ then the third, fourth and fifth finger will
form an “E” to _
a. Exert an upward pressure on the mask: apply pressure on the mandible and lift it
forward.
b. Exert a downward pressure on the mask: apply pressure on the mandible and lift
it forward.
c. Exert an upward pressure on the mask: apply pressure on the mandible and lift it
backward
d. Exert a downward pressure on the mask: apply pressure on the mandible and lift
it backward.

A

b. Exert a downward pressure on the mask: apply pressure on the mandible and lift
it forward.

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3
Q

Opening of the rima glottidis (of vocal cords) is done by which of the following
muscles?
a. Lateral cricoarytenoid
b. Posterior cricoarytenoid
c. Oblique arytenoid
d. Vocalis

A

b. Posterior cricoarytenoid

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4
Q

A mineral that is a very important constituent of thyroid hormones
a. Iron
b. Calcium
c. Iodine
d. Phosphorus

A

c. Iodine

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5
Q

When lowering the floor of the mouth of a patient, a practitioner detaches all
or part of which muscles?
a. Mylohyoid and geniohyoid
b. Geniohyoid and genioglossus
c. Mylohyoid and buccinator
d. Mylohyoid and genioglossus

A

d. Mylohyoid and genioglossus

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6
Q

A protein responsible for transporting iron in the body
a. Lipoproteins
b. Albumin
c. Transferrin
d. Prothrombin

A

c. Transferrin

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7
Q

This is the most common vessel involved in stroke
a. Coronary artery
b. Circle of Willis
c. Anterior communicating artery
d. Lenticulostriate artery

A

d. Lenticulostriate artery

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8
Q

The optic canal is found in which of the following structures of the sphenoid bone?
a. Hollow body
b. Greater wing
c. Lesser wing
d. Pterygoid process

A

c. Lesser wing

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9
Q

Dietary calcium is primarily absorbed from which of the following segments of the alimentary canal?
a. Oral cavity
b. Stomach
c. Small intestine
d. Large intestine

A

c. Small intestine

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10
Q

Cell bodies of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons to the duodenum are in the _
a. nucleus ambigus
b. submucosal and myenteric plexus
c. sacral spinal cord lateral gray column
d. thoracic spinal cord lateral gray column
e. dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve

A

e. dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve

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11
Q

The muscle of mastication which retracts and elevates the mandible
a. Temporalis
b. Internal pterygoid
c. Masseter
d. External pterygoid

A

a. Temporalis

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12
Q

Which is a terminal branch of the internal carotid artery?
a. Anterior cerebral artery
b. Middle cerebral artery
c. All of the above
d. None of the above

A

c. All of the above

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13
Q

Anatomically, the spleen is in close relation with the
a. Duodenum
b. Inferior surface of diaphragm
c. Right kidney
d. Ascending colon
e. Right lobe of liver

A

b. Inferior surface of diaphragm

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14
Q

3 fatty acids linked to glycerol is known as _
a. Triglycerides
b. Cholesterol
c. Phospholipids
d. Eicosanoids

A

a. Triglycerides

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15
Q

The buccopharyngeal membrane is composed of
a. Ectoderm and endoderm
b. Ectoderm and mesoderm
c. Mesoderm andendoderm
d. Ectoderm only

A

a. Ectoderm and endoderm

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16
Q

It is a tough, outermost membrane covering the brain and spinal cord
a. Dura mater
b. Arachnoid mater
c. Pia mater

A

a. Dura mater

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17
Q

Which of the following substances is filtered but not reabsorbed by the kidney tubules?
a. Sodium chloride
b. Inulin
c. Para-aminohippurate (PAH)
d. Glucose

A

b. Inulin

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18
Q

At sea level, following a normal expiration, the alveolar pressure is _
a. Below 760mmHg
b. 760mmHg
c. Above 760mmHg

A

b. 760mmHg

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19
Q

What bone is NOT found on the floor of the orbit?
a. Palatine bone
b. Maxillary bone
c. Zygomatic bone
d. Ethmoid bone

A

d. Ethmoid bone

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20
Q

The low serum phosphate level in hyperparathyroidism is due to which of the following?
a. Decrease phosphate absorption in the GI tract
b. Increase tubular secretion of phosphate in the renal tubules
c. Increase formation of calcium phosphate deposits in bone
d. Increase phosphate absorption in the GI tract

A

b. Increase tubular secretion of phosphate in the renal tubules

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21
Q

All are applications of osmosis in cells and humans, except in
a. cells that remove water produced during cell respiration
b. kidney cells forming urine
c. large intestines cells that transport water to the blood stream
d. movement of glucose and amino acids across the cell membrane

A

d. movement of glucose and amino acids across the cell membrane

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22
Q

Which of the following does not supply the TMJ?
a. Inner maxillary artery
b. External carotid
c. Arteries of the pterygoid muscle
d. Facial artery

A

d. Facial artery

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23
Q

One of the terminal branches of the external carotid artery is the _
a. Maxillary artery
b. Facial artery
c. Superior thyroid artery
d. Lingual artery

A

a. Maxillary artery

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24
Q

Which of the following eruption sequences is most commonly found in the primary dentition?
a. Central incisor, lateral incisor, canine, first molar, second molar
b. Central incisor, lateral incisor, first molar, canine second molar
c. First molar, central incisor, lateral incisor, canine, second molar
d. First molar, central incisor, lateral incisor, second molar, canine

A

b. Central incisor, lateral incisor, first molar, canine second molar

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25
Q

When apatient opens his mouth, there is an audible click. Which of the following represents the most plausible explanation?
a. The joint capsule has thickened
b. The disk and condyle lack functional coordination
c. The articular eminence has flattened
d. The medial pterygoid muscle is in spasm

A

b. The disk and condyle lack functional coordination

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26
Q

This is the meeting point of muscles involved in the motion of the mouth
a. Angulus
b. Modiolus
c. Aponeurosis
d. Pterion

A

b. Modiolus

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27
Q

This is the muscle that pulls the superiorly and posteriorly
a. Genioglossus
b. Palatoglossus
c. Styloglossus
d. Hyoglossus

A

c. Styloglossus

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28
Q

Remnants of dental lamina and connective tissue contained in the gubernacular canal which are found in successional teeth.
a. Pulp tissue
b. Periodontal ligament
c. Gubernacular cord
d. Alveolar bone

A

c. Gubernacular cord

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29
Q

It is a gap that separates the condylar process from the coronoid process
a. Mandibular notch
b. Jugular notch
c. Mandibular fossa
d. None of the above

A

a. Mandibular notch

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30
Q

Liver and Gallbladder is found _
a. Left hypochondriac
b. Right hypochondriac
c. Right lumbar
d. Left lumbar

A

b. Right hypochondriac

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31
Q

Urinary bladder differs from gall bladder in that urinary bladder _
a. Is lined by transitional epithelium and gall bladder is lined by simple columnar
epithelium.
b. Has a mucosal layer and gall bladder has no mucosal layer
c. Can be stretched and gall bladder cannot be stretched
d. Contains smooth muscle cell and gall bladder contains no smooth muscle cells

A

a. Is lined by transitional epithelium and gall bladder is lined by simple columnar epithelium.

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32
Q

Which of the following nerves innervate the lacrimal gland?
a. CN V1
b. CN V2
c. CN V3
d. CN III

A

a. CN V1

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33
Q

Preload is equivalent to which of the following?
a. It is equivalent to the amount of blood leaving the heart after ventricular
contraction
b. It is equivalent to the rate of venous return
c. It is equivalent to the atrial end-diastolic volume
d. It is equivalent to the atrial blood pressure and atrial blood volume

A

b. It is equivalent to the rate of venous return

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34
Q

After filtration in the nephron tubules, the urea drains into which of the following structures?
a. Major calyx
b. Ureter
c. Minor calyx
d. Bladder

A

c. Minor calyx

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35
Q

From which pharyngeal pouches do the parathyroid glands develop?
a. First and second
b. Second and third
c. Third and fourth
d. Fourth and fifth

A

c. Third and fourth

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36
Q

Study of the masticatory system, including its physiology, functional disturbances and treatment
a. Gnathology
b. Deglutition
c. Masticatology
d. Orthodontics

A

a. Gnathology

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37
Q

A hole in a bony structure refers to a _
a. Concavity
b. Septum
c. Bony defect
d. Foramina

A

d. Foramina

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38
Q

It is an attachment site for the falx cerebri
a. Cribriform plate
b. Greater wing of sphenoid bone
c. Corpus callosum
d. Crista galli

A

d. Crista galli

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39
Q

The following are tissues being supplied by the facial artery, except one. Which is it?
a. Upper and lower lip
b. Nose
c. Eyelids
d. None of the above
e. All of the above

A

d. None of the above

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40
Q

A lesion of the facial nerve just after it exits the stylomastoid foramen will result to which of the following?
a. An ipsilateral loss of taste to the anterior tongue
b. A decrease in saliva production in the floor of the mouth
c. A sensory loss of tongue
d. An ipsilateral paralysis of the face

A

d. An ipsilateral paralysis of the face

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41
Q

The non-working condyle performs which of the following movements?
a. Straight and Forward
b. Downward, Forward and Lateral
c. Downward, Forward and Medial
d. Downward, Backward and Medial

A

c. Downward, Forward and Medial

42
Q

They are considered as the least dense lipoproteins
a. Chylomicrons
b. VLDL
c. LDL
d. HDL

A

a. Chylomicrons

43
Q

Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve will shift to the left by the following, except one:
a. Decrease pH
b. Decrease CO2
c. Decrease temperature
d. Decrease hydrogen ion

A

a. Decrease pH

44
Q

Ketone bodies are formed in which of the following organs of the body?
a. Pancreas
b. Kidney
c. Liver
d. Stomach

A

c. Liver

45
Q

The entire surface of the oral mucosa is lined by _
a. Pseudostratified epithelium
b. Stratified squamous epithelium
c. Simple squamous epithelium
d. Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

A

b. Stratified squamous epithelium

46
Q

What are the stop codons?
a. AUG–UGA–UAA
b. GAU–GAU–UAA
c. UGA–UAA–UAG
d. UAA- UGA–UGA

A

c. UGA–UAA–UAG

47
Q

The most important neurotransmitter for learning is _
a. Acetylcholine
b. Serotonin
c. Glutamate
d. Dopamine

A

c. Glutamate

48
Q

Which of the following is derived from the unsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes?
a. Histamine
b. Serotonin
c. Prostaglandins
d. Bradykinins

A

c. Prostaglandins

49
Q

Amount of air that can be inhaled or exhaled in one respiratory cycle
a. Vital lung capacity
b. Inspiratory capacity
c. Residual volume
d. Tidal Volume

A

d. Tidal Volume

50
Q

It is a technique used in emergency situations to open the airway of a patient whenever there is airway obstruction
a. Thyrotomy
b. Cricothyrotomy
c. Thoracotomy
d. Thyroidotomy

A

b. Cricothyrotomy

51
Q

Lower lip, mandibular incisors, floor of the mouth, apex of tongue and chin drain in which of the following lymph nodes?
a. Submandibular
b. Submental
c. Sublingual
d. Submaxillary

A

b. Submental

52
Q

An embryonic structure which serves as a precursor of the mouth and the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
a. Oropharyngeal membrane
b. Stomatodeum
c. Frontal prominence
d. Ectoneural pouch

A

b. Stomatodeum

53
Q

Muscle cells use which of the following to store energy?
a. NADH
b. FADH2
c. Creatinine Phosphate
d. Phosphoenolpyruvte

A

c. Creatinine Phosphate

54
Q

Fan-shaped, dark features appearing in enamel which represent poorly calcified areas and which appear to originate at the DEJ and extend into the enamel for part of its thickness
a. Enamel tufts
b. Enamel spindle
c. Enamel lamellae
d. Perikymata

A

a. Enamel tufts

55
Q

What best describes the anatomic position
a. A person standing semi supine, with feet flat on the floor, face forward, with
hands on the side, palms forward
b. A person standing upright, with feet flat on the floor, face forward, with hands not
on the side, palms forward.
c. A person standing upright, with feet flat on the floor, face sideward, with hands
on the side, palms forward
d. A person standing upright, with feet flat on the floor, face forward, with hands on
the side, palms forward

A

d. A person standing upright, with feet flat on the floor, face forward, with hands on
the side, palms forward

56
Q

These are the muscle that make up the anterior and posterior pillars of the fauces.
a. Anterior (Tensor veli palatini) and Posterior (Levator veli palatini)
b. Anterior (superior pharyngus) and Posterior (inferior pharyngeus)
c. Anterior (palatopharyngeus) and Posterior (palatoglossus)
d. Anterior (palatoglossus) and Posterior (palatopharyngeus)

A

d. Anterior (palatoglossus) and Posterior (palatopharyngeus)

57
Q

All are functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, except
a. Synthesis of cholesterol
b. Synthesis of phospholipids
c. Detoxification of drugs and poisons
d. Synthesis of proteins

A

d. Synthesis of proteins

58
Q

Heterochromia causes which of the following?
a. Different color of lens
b. Different color of pupil
c. Different color of retina
d. Different color of the iris

A

d. Different color of the iris

59
Q

This is a tubercle found in the anterior border of the TMJ that resists mandibular displacement
a. Mandibular fossa
b. Retrodiscal tissue
c. Condyle
d. Articular eminence

A

d. Articular eminence

60
Q

Angular cheilitis and glossitis are associated with deficiency of which of the following vitamins?
a. Thiamine
b. Tocopherol
c. Riboflavin
d. Retinol

A

c. Riboflavin

61
Q

It is the ratio of the red blood cells to the total blood volume
a. Hematocrit
b. Hematopoiesis
c. Heme
d. Hemiplegia

A

a. Hematocrit

62
Q

Listed below are the possible causes of air embolism that may block the heart chamber. Which is usually not associated?
a. IV fluid administration
b. Dialysis line
c. IM injection
d. Cardiopulmonary bypass

A

c. IM injection

63
Q

A type of hemoglobin found in patients with alpha-thalassemia
a. Hemoglobin H
b. Hemoglobin S
c. Hemoglobin M
d. Hemoglobin A
e. Hemoglobin F

A

a. Hemoglobin H

64
Q

Which of the ff is the correct schematic outline with the corresponding tooth?
a. Mandibular premolars, rhomboidal– occlusal view
b. Maxillary central incisors, Triangular– facial view
c. Maxillary lateral incisors, Trapezoidal– mesial
d. All mandibular posterior teeth, rhomboidal– distal

A

d. All mandibular posterior teeth, rhomboidal– distal

65
Q

Middle meningeal artery asses in which of the following foramen?
a. Foramen spinosum
b. Foramen ovale
c. Foramen lacerum
d. Foramen magnum

A

a. Foramen spinosum

66
Q

Fontanelles of the fetal skull hardens through the process of:
a. Endochondral bone ossification
b. Intramembranous bone ossification
c. Ligament ankylosis
d. All of the above

A

b. Intramembranous bone ossification

67
Q

A postmortem examination to discover the cause of death of a person refers
to _
a. Forensic science
b. Biopsy
c. Necrology
d. Autopsy

A

d. Autopsy

68
Q

The tear drop erythrocytes are found in _
a. Aplastic anemia
b. Pernicious anemia
c. Monocytic anemia
d. Agranulocytosis

A

b. Pernicious anemia

69
Q

It is a ditch or a concavity
a. Sulcus
b. Fissure
c. Foramen
d. Fossa

A

d. Fossa

70
Q

Thin and thick myofilaments are observed in the masseter muscle in electron
microscope. The thick filaments _
a. Consist of actin
b. Are present in the I band
c. Are crossed by the Z line
d. Are present only in the A band
e. Consist of both actin and myosin

A

d. Are present only in the A band

71
Q

The internal acoustic meatus contains which of the following structures?
a. Chorda tympani only
b. Inferior alveolar nerve and inferior alveolar artery
c. Facial nerve and Vestibulocochlear nerve
d. None of the above

A

c. Facial nerve and Vestibulocochlear nerve

72
Q

Rods and cones of the retina are examples of:
a. Mechanoreceptors
b. Photoreceptors
c. Chemoreceptors
d. Thermoreceptors

A

b. Photoreceptors

73
Q

Blood pressure decreases as blood moves through the systemic circulation. In which vessel does the blood pressure decrease the most as blood travels through the body?
a. Large arteries
b. Large veins
c. Arterioles
d. Venules
e. Capillaries

A

c. Arterioles

74
Q

Mesial developmental depression is a characteristic feature of which premolar?
a. Maxillary 1st
b. Maxillary 2nd
c. Mandibular 2nd 2-cusp
d. Mandibular 2nd 3-cusp

A

a. Maxillary 1st

75
Q

Hyperventilation results in all of the following EXCEPT
a. increased PO2
b. hypocapnia
c. decreased cerebral blood flow
d. increased PCO2
e. respiratory alkalosis

A

d. increased PCO2

76
Q

In the general circulation, blood pressure is highest in Vena cava, and lowest in the Aorta.
a. Both statements are true
b. Both statements are false
c. The first statement is true; the second statement is false
d. The first statement is false; the second statement is true

A

b. Both statements are false

77
Q

Nerve supply of temporomandibular joint
a. Facial nerve
b. Temporomandibular nerve
c. Mandibular nerve
d. Maxillary nerve

A

c. Mandibular nerve

78
Q

Normal bleeding time
a. 2 to 4 minutes
b. 3 to 8 minutes
c. 2 to 4 seconds
d. 8 to 15 minutes

A

a. 2 to 4 minutes

79
Q

Contraction of the cardiac myocytes in the ventricles will lead to all of the following, except one. Which is it?
a. Ejection of blood going to the pulmonary artery
b. Ejection of blood going to the aorta
c. Closure of the semilunar valves
d. Closure of the atrioventricular valves

A

c. Closure of the semilunar valves

80
Q

The difference in electrical charge between the inside and the outside of the cell membrane of an unstimulated (nonconducting) neuron is called the:
a. Relative refractory potential
b. Action potential
c. Resting membrane potential
d. Absolute refractory potential

A

c. Resting membrane potentia

81
Q

The incisive foramen is anatomically located in which of the following bones?
a. Sphenoid
b. Palatine
c. Maxilla
d. Ethmoid

A

c. Maxilla

82
Q

Absence of normal spleen formation refers to _
a. Splenomegaly
b. Splenectomy
c. Hypersplenism
d. Asplenia

A

d. Asplenia

83
Q

A reflex normally seen in infants in which the big toe lifts and the other toes fan out after the sole of the foot has been firmly stroked.
a. Babinski reflex
b. Fencing reflex
c. Moro reflex
d. Rooting reflex

A

a. Babinski reflex

84
Q

The bifurcation of the trachea into the primary bronchi which is the carina is at the level of which of the following structures?
a. Costal cartilages
b. Between T4 and T5 vertebra
c. T1 and T2vertebra
d. 7th rib

A

b. Between T4 and T5 vertebra

85
Q

The compression to breath when doing CPR for adults is:
a. 30:2
b. 15:2
c. 30:1
d. 15:1

A

a. 30:2

86
Q

Which of the following is the function of the CNS?
a. Sends voluntary action directly to the muscles
b. Sends involuntary action directly to the organs
c. Autonomic function to organs
d. Processing sensory information

A

d. Processing sensory information

87
Q

Ovulation occurs as a result of:
a. The progesterone-induced LH surge
b. The estrogen-induced FSH surge
c. The progesterone-induced FSH surge
d. The estrogen-induced LH surge

A

d. The estrogen-induced LH surge

88
Q

The masticatory mucosa is lined by _
a. Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
b. Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
c. Keratinized simple squamous epithelium
d. Non-keratinized simple squamous epithelium

A

a. Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

89
Q

The following are STOP CODONS except one. Which is it?
a. UAA
b. AUG
c. UGA
d. UAG

A

b. AUG

90
Q

Tricuspid valve is located in between _
a. Right atrium and left atrium
b. Right atrium and right ventricle
c. Left atrium and left ventricle
d. Right ventricle and left ventricle

A

b. Right atrium and right ventricle

91
Q

It is a term which refers to the body’s surface
a. Deep
b. Superficial
c. Peripheral
d. Internal

A

b. Superficial

92
Q

This is the remnant of the ductus venosus
a. Ligamentum venosum
b. Ligamentum umbilicum
c. Ligamentum arteriosus
d. Ligamentum teres

A

a. Ligamentum venosum

93
Q

Primary organ responsible for the acid-base balance in the body
a. Kidney
b. Heart
c. Liver
d. Spleen

A

a. Kidney

94
Q

Ligament that completely surrounds the condyle
a. Temporomandibular ligament
b. Sphenomandibular ligament
c. Capsular ligament
d. Stylomandibular ligament

A

c. Capsular ligament

95
Q

It is an eye condition associated with loss of elasticity of the lens due to ageing that results to inability to focus on objects near to the eye.
a. Astigmatism
b. Presbyopia
c. Myopia
d. Hyperopia

A

b. Presbyopia

96
Q

Ventricular systole and the atrioventricular valves are closed in this phase of cardiac cycle
a. Isovolumetric relaxation
b. Isovolumetric contraction
c. Diastolic filling
d. Venous return

A

b. Isovolumetric contraction

97
Q

Apical abscesses on certain teeth have a marked tendency to produce
cervical spread of infection which occurs most rapidly in abscess of _
a. Maxillary incisors
b. Mandibular second and third molars
c. Mandibular canines
d. Maxillary premolars

A

b. Mandibular second and third molars

98
Q

Organ with most permeable capillaries
a. Brain
b. Liver
c. Kidney
d. Heart

A

b. Liver

99
Q

Among the following age groups, who is the most susceptible to cancer?
a. Infants
b. Children
c. 60 years old and below
d. 60 years old and above

A

d. 60 years old and above

100
Q

The following statements are false regarding osteoid. Which is a true statement?
a. It is a highly calcified structure
b. It is an uncalcified bone matrix
c. It is important for cartilage formation
d. It is similar to enamel matrix

A

b. It is an uncalcified bone matrix

Set 1 (9 decks)

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