SESSION 1 Medical Terminology and Structure of the body Flashcards
8% in the final (8-10 questions)
1
Q
root
A
without it medical term have no meaning
2
Q
prefix
A
in the starting, before word root
3
Q
suffix
A
in the end
4
Q
itis
A
inflammation
5
Q
gastromegaly
A
enlargement of stomach
6
Q
dysphasia
A
difficulty in speech/prouncing words
7
Q
dysphagia
A
Difficult swallowing
8
Q
bradycardia
A
slow heart rate
9
Q
tachycardia
A
rapid heart rate
10
Q
dyspnea
A
difficulty breathing
11
Q
bradypnea
A
slow breathing
12
Q
tachypnea
A
rapid breathing
13
Q
dyspepsia
A
abdominal discomfort
14
Q
hemiplegia
A
paralysis on left or tight side of the body , half paralysis
15
Q
arthrocentensis
A
puncture of a joint
16
Q
myalgia
A
muscle pain
17
Q
Thoractomy
A
incision of chest
18
Q
pc
A
post meal
19
Q
ac
A
before meal
20
Q
pm
A
afternoon
21
Q
am
A
before noon
22
Q
rx
A
prescription
23
Q
dx
A
diagnosis
24
Q
qid
A
four times a day
25
bid
twice a day
26
tid
three times a day
27
hs
at bedtime
28
prn
as needed
29
qh
every hour
30
q4h
every 4 hour
31
qod
every other day
32
levels of organization
chemical level -> organelle level -> cellular level -> tissue level -> organ level -> organ system -> organisms
33
chemical level
atoms and molecules
existence of life depends on the proper level and proportions of many chemical substances
34
organelle level
vesicles
membrane bound structure that carries specific functions
smallest unit within cell
35
cellular level
cells are the smallest living units of structure and function in our body
neuron
36
tissue level
more complex than cells
an organization of many cells that act together to perform a common function
37
organs
larger and more complex
group of several different kind of tissues arranged in a way that allows them to act together as a unit to perform a specific function.
38
organ system
more complex units that make up the body
different/various organs arranged in a way that allow to perform them to work together complex functions of the body
39
organism
whole body
40
anatomical position
body is in erect standing posture with arms at the sides and palms forward.
41
polypharmacy
excessive medications
42
polyuria
excessive urination
43
afebrile
absence without fever
44
hepatitis
inflammation of liver
45
frontal plane
separates anterior from posterior
can be moved
46
anterior , ventral
front
e.g. nose is on the anterior surface of the body
47
posterior, dorsal
toward the back of the body
e.g. shoulder blades are on the back.
48
proximal
toward or nearest the origin
eg. elbow lies at the proximal end of the forearm
49
distal
away from the point of origin
eg. hand lies at the distal end of the forearm
50
medial
toward the midline of the body
eg. heart lies medial to the lungs
51
lateral
toward the side of the body
away from its midline
eg. lungs is lateral to the heart
52
superficial
near the surface
e.g. the skin of the arm is superficial to the muscles.
53
inferior
toward the foot
bottom
lower of body
whereas stomach is inferior to the diaphragm
54
sagittal plane
separate left from right
can be moved
55
transverse plane
separate superior (top) from inferior (bottom)
can be moved
another name Horizontal plane
56
deep
further away from body
e.g. bone of the arm is deep to the muscles that surround them
57
superior
toward the head
top
e.g. lungs are located superior to the diaphragm
58
midsagittal plane
divides the body into two equal halves left and right
59
body cavities
2 types
dorsal (posterior)
ventral (anterior)
60
dorsal cavity contains
cranial and spinal
61
ventral cavities contain
thoracic (upper ventral) = chest (lateral subdivisions of thoracic cavity left and right with each one of the lungs)and abdominoplevic cavities (lower ventral)
62
upper ventral cavities
thoracic
mediastinum = trachea, heart, blood vessels
pleural cavities = lungs
63
lower ventral cavities
abdominopelvic
abdominal
pelvic = colon, rectum, urinary bladder, reproductive organs
64
positive feedback loop
reinforce the change
bring a change in one direction using towards one goal instead of opposing a change in the internal environment
uterine contractions
65
negative feedback loop
maintain homeostasis level
it is the one way but not the only way
65
axial skeleton
medial part
head neck torso (thoracic, abdominal and pelvic areas)
66
appendicular Skelton
other part away from the medium
upper and lower extremities
67
sternum
middle of the breast bone
68
transurethral
across the urethra
69
hemolysis
destruction of cells
70
rhinitis
nose inflammation
71
hysterectomy
removal of uterus
72
rhinoplasty
surgery of nose
73
stat
at once, immediately
74
po
by mouth
