Serum protein electrophoresis

Question 1

Albumin

Answer 1

Albumin region

Question 2

a1-antitrypsin

Answer 2

a1-region

Question 3

a2-macroglobulin, haptoglobulin, ceruloplasmin

Answer 3

a2-region

Question 4

B-lipoprotein, transferrin, C3

Answer 4

B-region

Question 5

immunoglobulins

Answer 5

Y-region

Question 6

transport protein of T3 and 4
decreased in malnutrition
has a half life of 2 days
sensitive NUTRITIONAL marker

Answer 6

prealbumin

Question 7

synthesized by the liver
half life 21 days
major contributor to oncotic pressure of plasma
important transport protein for many substances

Answer 7

albumin

Question 8

dehydration can cause

Answer 8

hyperalbuminemia

Question 9

protease inhibitor that inactivates trpsin activity and protects tissue from enzyme degestion

Answer 9

a-1 antitrypsin

Question 10

a genetic condition that causes alveolar wall destruction in children, and damage and scarring of liver cells in adults

Answer 10

a1-antitrypsin deficiency

Question 11

protease inhibitor

increased in nephrotic syndrome due to its large size and not lost into urine

Answer 11

a2-macroglobin

Question 12

copper carying protein

serum concentrations largely reduced in Wilson’s disease

Answer 12

Ceruloplasmin

Question 13

major component of complement protein series involved in immune responses

Answer 13

C3 complement

Question 14

general function in defense against bacteria and foreign substances
increases rapidly within 4-6 hours of infection or injury
increases 30fold from a normal value of

Answer 14

C-reactive protein

Question 15

a class of proteins whose serum concentrations increase or decrease rapidly in response to inflammation, trauma, or malignancy

Answer 15

Acute phase reactants (APR)

Question 16

a group of proteins produced by plasma cells that function as antibodies and help fight infecntions
two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains linked by disulphide bonds

Answer 16

immunoglobins

Question 17

five classes of immunocglobins

Answer 17

G, A, M, D, and E

Question 18

combines electrophoresis and immunoprecipitation to identify the specific type of M proteins found via protein electrophoresis

Answer 18

immunofixation

Question 19

albumin, a-1, a-2, decreased and gammaglobulin increased

Answer 19

nephrotic syndrome

Question 20

a-1 and a-2 bands increased

albumin and transferrin bands decrased

Answer 20

acute phase reaction

Question 21

a type of lymphoma characteriszed by overproduction of IgM monoclonal protein

Answer 21

Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia

Question 22

differences between WM and MM

Answer 22

organomegaly is common in WM

bone and renal diseases are common in MM

Question 23

a small amount of a paraprotein is detected by protein electrophoresis in patients who do not have the symptoms of MM

Answer 23

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)

Question 24

decreased albumin and elevated a-2 globulin bands

Answer 24

glomerular proteinuria

Question 25

prominent a- and B-globulin bands with a low amount of albumin

Answer 25

tubular proteinuria

Question 26

cause of tubular proteinuria

Answer 26

decreased reabsorption by the proximal tubules