Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Complex > Sepsis 1 > Flashcards

Sepsis 1 Flashcards

1
Q

describe fever stages and when it should be treated

A
  • natural response to infection
  • treated if >100.7 -101
  • fever at 103= Rigers (shaking motion, body attempts to cool off)
  • fever at 106= will start to kill you
  • fever at 107= brain damage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

process of sepsis

A

1) infection (fever, chills, D, malaise)
2) SIRS (systemic infmallatory response, all over generlized complaints)
3) shock (decreased BP, tachypenea, tachycardia)
4) MODS
5) death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is septic shock broken down into

A

warm (DIC)

cold (ARDS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

sepsis protocol

A
  • catch early
  • temp increases
  • lactic acid is produced (elevated lactate levels)
  • BP decreases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

why does lactate increase during septic shock

A

d/t anaerobic environment

-goes off the normal pyruvate cycle which causes an increase in lactate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is a normal and problematic lactate level

A

normal should be <1

problem is >2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

describe SIRS

A
  • releases products (histamines and natural killer cells) that inflame body
  • start to dilate everything
  • vessels open up so products can be released (increase in vascular bed)
  • BP begins to decrease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

s/s of SIRS

A 
hypotension
tachycardia
tachypnea
oliguria
hypoxia
hypercapnia
seizures/coma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what do kinins do

A

immune cells that kill other cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what do free radicals do

A

oxygen that has no where to go, builds up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what do macrophages do

A

clean up act as trash can

envelope bacteria and release lysosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

describe distributive shock

A
  • caused by increase in permeability
  • loss of sympathetic tone
  • two types:neural and chemical
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

sepsis vs anaphylaxis

A

sepsis: caused by toxins released by organisms invading the body and causes SIRS
anaphylaxis: type 1 allergic reaction, antigen antibody reaction, IgE, basophils, and mast cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe anaphylaxis

A
  • immediate allergic reaction to allergen (peanuts, bee stings, meds, shellfish)
  • rapid release of products
  • causes similar shock like s/s
  • anoxic period
  • releases same factors as shock and shuts of bronchial tubes
  • results from type 1 allergic reaction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what can anaphylaxis lead to

A

decreased cardiac conduction, dysrthytmias, bronchial edema, hypoxia, death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what does SIRS leads to

A

DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation)

17
Q

what is DIC

A
  • *small clots form d/t toxins and inflammation in order to stop infectious process (kidneys and gut get clotted off)
  • causes platelets to be used up, pt can have massive bleeding (bleeding under skin/bruising)
18
Q

what happens as DIC continues

A

as inflammation continues, capillaries leak, fluid shifts from vessels to interstitial space and BP drops which leads to SHOCK

19
Q

what are the first signs of DIC

A

1) BP drops dramatically (want clotting cascade back to normal so give HEPARIN)
2) start to see things bleed (ie/ IV site, nose)

20
Q

what is important to do at the start of DIC

A

*intubate before they go into shock to protect the airway

21
Q

how long does sepsis take to develop

A

3 days

ie/ will NOT see infection hrs after surgery

22
Q

what drugs are given for DIC

A
  • norepinephrine to vasoconstrict and increase HR and BP

- vasopressin to hold in fluid, clamps off bleeding

23
Q

why give heparin for DIC if already bleeding??

A

to go back to normal clotting cascade

if heparin doesnt work, give platelets and clotting factors (FFP, 6 pack of platelets, factor 7 or 10)

24
Q

what is important to remember about DIC

A

it is difficult to get someone out of DIC

supplement and let body heal on own

25
Q

what is the process of septic shock

A

1) inflammation (vasodilation)- phase 1
2) tissue damage (ishemia & DIC)- phase 1
3) ARDS- phase 2
4) MODS- phase 2
5) death- phase 2

26
Q

describe phase one of septic shock

A

AKA WARM

  • Alkalodic (d/t breathing off CO2 rapidly)
  • HYPER- everything is rapid, body is attempting good circulation
  • temp is elevated, HR is elevated (hyperdynamic, but cannot maintain this forever)
  • bounding pulse, increased RR
27
Q

what occurs inside the body during phase 1 of septic shock

A
  • immature WBC: blast cells fight infection
  • decreased platelets and c-reactive proteins
  • increased d dimers
28
Q

why do platelets decrease during phase 1

A

released during sepsis to fight infection
sign that there is inflammation
SIRS starts

29
Q

why do d dimers increased during phase 1

A

tells you clotting factors and fibrin split factors

a lot of clots are being broken up rapidly so d dimer will be elevated

30
Q

how long does phase 1 last

A

hrs- days

manage before gets worse

Complex (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions