Seperating Mixtures ATOMS, BONDING AND MOLES

Question 1

What is filtration?

Answer 1

Used to separate insoluble and soluble substances in a solvent.
E.g. sand and salt

Equipment
Filter paper

Question 2

What is crystallisation?

Answer 2

A way to obtain pure salt from a salt solution following filtration.
To begin:evaporate the water use an evaporating fish as this creates a larger surface area for evaporation. A water bath is a gentler way of heating (instead of a gauze)

Then: stop heating when crystallisation begins. Let the rest of water evaporate at room temperature to get a good sample of sodium chloride crystals.

Question 3

What is distillation?

Answer 3

Separates a soluble solid from a solvent. Although, sometimes you need to collect the solvent itself.

For simple distillation: the solution is boiled to evaporate the solvent. This vapid enters a condensers. In an outer tube, water surround the vapour. As this is cool, it causes the vapour to condense. It turns back into a liquid and is collected in a receiving vessel.