Sensory-Perceptual Development1 Flashcards
no study of motor development is complete without _
the study of the relationship between perception and action
*vision & perception slide
What class activity did we do about perceptions?
series of visual illusions, which one we saw first
define perception
a multistage process that takes place in the brain and includes selecting, processing, organizing, and integrating information received from the senses
define sensation
- neural activity triggered by a stimulus activaating a sensory receptor
- sensory nerve pathways to the brain
define perception
- multistage process in the CNS
- identical sensations can yield different perception
what 3 sensory systems did we discuss?
visual, kinesthetic, auditory
sensory systems function as _
individual structural constraints
we rely on what sense more than any other?
visual
- 80% of all sensory information is channelled through the visual system
- however, it is the least mature of newborn senses
*note in babies smell is dominant, but once developed we rely on vision
define acuity
the sharpness of sight
describe acuity
- in the first month, acuity is 20/400 (5% of adult level)
- infants can differentiate facial features at 20 inches
- acuity is ~20/30 by age 5 and 20/20 by age 10
describe visual changes with aging
declines with vision have implications for skill performance and everyday living tasks
list the symptoms of visual problems (any age)
- lack of hand-eye coordination
- squinting
- under or overreaching for objects
- unusual head movements
perception of space requires _
perception of depth and distance
for perception of space, information can come from
-retinal disparity
- motion parallax
- optic flow
describe the object attributes in perception of objects
size, shape, motion
describe the perception of space (hint: think development of depth perception)
- by 6 months, infants perceive depth
- depth perception is refined to adult like levels in adolescence
- more older adults fail depth perception tests than younger adults (ex. driving tests)
describe the sclera
a tough, opaque tissue that serves as the eye’s protective outer coat and provides shape; the ‘white of the eye’
describe the iris
the coloured part
- regulates amount of light entering the pupil
describe the pupil
centre of iris, opens and closes to regulate amount of light entering the eye
describe the retina
a very thin layer of light-sensitive tissue that lines the inner part of the eye
- it is responsible for capturing the light rays that enter the eye
describe the cornea
transparent outer layer of the eye, which bulges forward
- primary structure focusing light entering the eye
describe lens
a crystalline lens located just behind the iris
- second most powerful structure focusing light entering the eye
describe the ciliary muscles
tiny muscles that dilate (widen) and constrict (narrow) the pupil size; alters shape of the lens
the retina consists of _
2 types of photoreceptors
- rods and cones