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Patient Centered Care 2 > Sensory Perception: Hearing Deficit > Flashcards

Sensory Perception: Hearing Deficit Flashcards

1
Q

SSA Prevent Sensory Deprivation

A

Wall calendar, newspaper, back massage, invite to recreation

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2
Q

Suspect hearing disorder

A

watch family interactions

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3
Q

Sensory disorder what

A

devices needed

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4
Q

older adult hearing loss explosion

A

Immediate permeate loss of hearing

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5
Q

Physical assessment risk for cataracts in health history

A

age 75 years old

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6
Q

Communicate hearing deficit

A

speak at normal pace

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7
Q

safety visual

A

call button in reach

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8
Q

What is conductive hearing loss?

A

Anything that disrupts the transmission of sound from the external auditory meatus to the inner ear results in a conductive hearing loss.

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9
Q

What are the most common causes of conductive hearing loss?

A

Obstruction of the external ear canal like impacted cerumen, edema of the canal lining, stenosis, and neoplasms.

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10
Q

What is sensorineural hearing loss?

A

Disorders that affect the inner ear, the auditory nerve, or the auditory pathways of the brain.

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11
Q

What are some causes of sensorineural hearing loss?

A

Damage to the hair cells because of loud noise, loud continuous noise.

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12
Q

What people are at the most risk for sensorineural hearing loss?

A

first responders, construction workers, people at places with fireworks; being at concerts; firearms; and the use of earbuds and loud toys.

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13
Q

What is Presbycusis?

A

When the hair cells of the cochlea degenerate, producing a progressive sensorineural hearing loss.

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14
Q

What are the diagnostic tests uses for hearing loss disorders?

A
  1. whisper tests
  2. otoscope examination
  3. tympanogram
  4. use of a tuning fork to perform the Rinne and Weber tests
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15
Q

What is a stapedectomy?

A

The removal and replacement of the stapes used to treat hearing loss related to otosclerosis

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16
Q

What is a tympanoplasty?

A

Where the structures of the middle ear are reconstructed to improved conductive hearing deficits.

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17
Q

What are some clinical therapies for conductive hearing loss?

A
  1. hearing aids
  2. treatment of underlying conditions such as otitis media
  3. Steroids and/or decongestants to reduce inflammation
  4. surgery
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18
Q

What is the main clinical therapy for sensorineural hearing loss?

A

Cochlear implant

19
Q

What are the clinical therapies for presbycusis?

A
  1. hearing aids

2. steroids or decongestants to reduce inflammation

20
Q

What are the clinical therapies for tinnitus?

A
  1. treatment of the underlying cause

2. tinnitus maskers such as ambient noise

21
Q

What type of drugs help with hearing loss disorders?

A
  1. Adrenergic drugs
  2. Corticosteroids
  3. antibiotics
22
Q

How do adrenergic drugs help with hearing loss disorders and give an example of one of these drugs?

A

They enhance norepinephrine and epinephrine activity by stimulating alpha-adrenergic receptors. This causes vasoconstriction and reduces inflammation.
EX: pseudoephedrine

23
Q

What are some nursing considerations with Adrenergic Drugs?

A
  1. Use with caution in patients with hyperthyroidism, hypertension, or heart disease.
  2. Instruct the patient to limit caffeine use because it can lead to hypertension and tachycardia.
24
Q

How do corticosteroids help with hearing loss disorders and give an example of one of these drugs?

A

They reduce inflammation and the immune response system.

25
Q

What are the nursing considerations with Adrenergic Drugs?

A
  1. Warn the patient that grapefruit or grapefruit juice may alter the drug’s uptake.
  2. Barbiturates may decrease the effectiveness
  3. Live vaccines should be avoided while taking corticosteroids
26
Q

How do antibiotics help with hearing disorders?

A

They treat bacterial infections that could cause hearing problems.

27
Q

What nonpharmacologic treatments are there for people with a hearing deficit?

A
  1. Amplifications
  2. speech therapy
  3. instructions in lip reading, signing, cuing, and finger-spilling
28
Q

What are the three types of hearing aids that are in the Pearson textbook?

A
  1. canal hearing aids
  2. in-ear hearing aid
  3. behind-ear hearing aid
29
Q

What is a canal hearing-aid?

A

A hearing aid that fits into the ear canal. They are appropriate for mild to moderately severe hearing loss. Because of their small size, the patient must have good manual dexterity to insert, clean, and change the batteries in canal hearing aids.

30
Q

What is an in-ear hearing aid?

A

A hearing aid that fits into the external ear and is used for mild to severe hearing loss.

31
Q

What is a pocket talker and what is it used for?

A

They are an assistive listening device for people who do not have a hearing aid. It has a microphone and earpieces and is available over the counter.

32
Q

What may people with tinnitus use to help with their disorder?

A

They may find a white or pink noise device to help them to promote concentration and rest.

33
Q

What are TTD/TTY telephones and phones?

A

Devices with amplifiers that are available to assist patients who are deaf or hearing impaired in communicating with the outside world.

34
Q

What is cued speech?

A

A supplement to lip reading uses eight handshapes that represent groups of consonant sounds and four positions about the face that represent groups of vowel sounds.

35
Q

What is an oral approach?

A

Uses only spoken language for face-to-face communication. It avoids the use of formal signs and uses hearing aids and residual hearing

36
Q

What is total communication?

A

Using speech and sign, fingerspelling, lip-reading, and residual hearing simultaneously.

37
Q

What are the risk factors for infants to get a hearing disorder?

A
  1. family history of congenital hearing loss
  2. Neonatal intensive care stay of more than 5 days
  3. Exposure to assisted ventilation, ototoxic medications, loop diuretics, or chemotherapy for any amount of time.
  4. In utero infections with TORCH (toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, syphilis, herpes) pathogens
  5. Craniofacial abnormalities (cleft palate) and head trauma
  6. presence of syndromes or disease associated with hearing loss (neurofibromatosis; osteopetrosis; Usher, Waardenburg, Alport, Pendred, Jervell, Lange-Neilson, and Hunter syndromes; or Charcot-Marie-tooth disease)
  7. Otitis media
38
Q

What are the signs that an older adult may have a hearing deficit?

A
  1. They may be unsociable or paranoid.
  2. they may seem forgetful, absentminded, or perhaps “senile”
  3. depression, confusion, inattentiveness, tension, and negativism.
  4. cupping an ear, difficulty understanding verbal communication when they cannot see the speaker’s face, difficulty following a conversation in a large group, and withdrawal from social activities
39
Q

How would a nurse assess for a hearing deficit?

A
  1. note the pt’s ability to respond to verbal cues or other noises
  2. look for ear problems that cause alterations in balance if they seem unsteady or imbalanced
  3. use questions to perceive the patient’s ability to hear.
  4. risk factors such as the use of ototoxic mediations
  5. upper respiratory tract or frequent ear infections
  6. noise exposure
  7. see if they have vertigo and tinnitus
40
Q

What should the nurse do to perform a physical examination for a hearing deficit problem?

A
  1. inspect the external ear and the tympanic membrane
  2. Whisper test
  3. Rinne and Weber tests
  4. Balance test
  5. cranial nerve function tests
41
Q

What are some nursing interventions and education for people with hearing loss?

A
  1. Promote optimal wellness
  2. Facilitate communication
  3. Encourage socialization
42
Q

How would a nurse promote optimal wellness in a patient with hearing loss?

A
  1. encourage the pt to talk about the hearing loss and its effect on ADLs
  2. Talk with family members about techniques they can use to make communication with the patient easier.
  3. provide information about the type of hearing loss
  4. Remind the pt to replace batteries in hearing aids regularly and as needed.
43
Q

How would a nurse encourage socialization?

A
  1. Identify the extent and cause of social isolation.
  2. Encourage the patient to interact with friends and family on a one-to-one basis in quit settings. It is easier for her to understand conversation in a small group.
  3. Involve the patient in activities that do not require an acute hearing, such as checkers and chess.
  4. Refer the patient to resources such as support groups and senior citizen centers.

Patient Centered Care 2 (26 decks)

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