Sensory Intervention Flashcards
What is an adaptive response
a successful and purposeful goal directed action on the environment
Sensory Integration-
Neurological process where the brain organizes sensory information for a purposeful and goal directed use. (Bundy & Lane, 2020)
Sensory Processing-
“Describes the interface between a person’s neurological function and the environment.”(Dean et al., 2018)
Self-Regulation-
“One’s ability to manage emotions and behavior in a way that is appropriate for the activity or circumstances, including regulation of responses to sensory input from their body and the environment”
What are the two approaches to sensory integration
Ayres sensory integration and sensory based interventions
Ayres Sensory Integration-
“…systematic approach and a set of fidelity principles” to address individual sensory processing and motor planning.
Sensory Based Interventions-
“Interventions that are based on principles of sensory integration theory to address self-regulation, sensory modulation, sensory registration, sensory discrimination, and praxis…”
Praxis-
The ability to conceptualize, plan and execute a non-habitual motor act.
Ideation-
generating ideas of what to do in a novel situation or with new objects or toys
Treatment approach - OT-SI and Ayres SI
Ayres- Fidelity Process Elements (next slide & pg. 534)
ASI- occurs in a clinic setting. Aims to change internal neurophysiological processing
OT-SI- occur in child’s natural environment. Aims to produce short term effect on self-regulation, attention or behavior
Terminology is critical when interpreting evidence in regards to sensory integration
Where is the appropriate setting for Ayeres sensory integration?
ASI- occurs in a clinic setting. Aims to change internal neurophysiological processing
Process elements that need to be present in Ayres SI fidelity
Ensures physical safety
Presents sensory
Supports sensory modulation for attaining and maintaining a regulated state
Challenges postural, ocular, oral and/or bilateral motor control
Challenges praxis and organization of behavior
Collaborates in
Tailors activity to present just right challenge
Ensures that activities are successful
Supports child’s
Establishes a therapeutic alliance with the child
Define a just right challenge
It’s is the OTs responsability to ________________
constantly adjust what we are doing based on how the child is doing
How do we Balance the therapeutic value and the child’s interest
Use their interests but not only fun. we have to do work too
How do we Create an environment that encourages increasingly complex adaptive responses.
Inner drive and active participation from the child are emphasized.
This is a necessary part of
sensory integraiton
Slide 10 has a good graphic, make a card out of that
Impact on behavior of sensory issues
Ritualistic behaviors
Impulsive
Active/Inattentive
Disorganized
Impatient/ demanding
Low frustration tolerance
Lack of self control
Sensory Seekers
Easily excited
Risk taker/ impulsive
Need for constant stimulation
Crave attention
Under-responsive
Inattentive
Passive
Disinterested/ Daydreamer
Disheveled appearance
Over-responsive
Fight-fright-freeze
Low threshold
Sensory defensiveness
Behavioral indicators
Vestibular-Bilateral Problems
postural disorder
- Appears lethargic
- Slumped posture
- Difficulty with bilateral skills and crossing midline
- May exhibit overflow or associated movements
Dyspraxia
Poor ideation
Inflexible
Emotional dysregulation
Possible language issues
Ayres Sensory Integration Intervention
Qualities of Sensation
Strength
Rhythmicity
Duration
Frequency
Speed
To have an optimal effect on development, learning & behavior, the sensory input must be actively organized and USED by the child to act on and respond to the environment.”
What does this mean?
We need to see an immediate effect from therapy. if we don’t, it means we chose the wrong integration
What does this mean?
Rhymicity
they can spin, back and forth, start and stop is alertying
Duration
How long we give the input for
Frequency
How many times you do the sensory integration - rotational input, joint compression
Speed
how fast you go on the swing, more allerting to go fast than slow. Slow is more strengthening
Strength
how much input the child puts in from their bodies strength
In your first session of the day you push a child on a platform swing in a linear motion with little change to the direction or force applied. With the second child you start and stop the swing and spin the child. Which quality of sensation is changed?
Rhythmicity
What are the essential features of sensory integration intervention
- Multiple
- Novelty in the
- Active engagement in challenging cognitive, sensory and motor tasks (just right challenge)
Intervention for Sensory Seeking:
- Prepare the child’s sensory system before a task
- Provide input the child seeks, but in a meaningful experience
- Teach calming/self-regulation strategies
- Simplify sensations
Do not use sensory as reinforcement. Provide the input when the child needs it to enable performance. what does this mean?
you don’t get to go on a swing because you behaved, you were able to behave because you went on a swing
Intervention for Sensory Under Responsive
- Incorporate multi-sensory experiences, but avoid overload
- Vestibular and proprioceptive input
- Weight bearing activities
- Bilateral activities
- Oral motor activities - crunchy food, cold beverages
Enhance sensory experiences, make all activities more concentrated with sensory information. what does this mean?
radio on, going on swing, diffuser with citrus
Sensory Over Responsive
Sensory intervention
- Environmental adaptations
- Provide inhibitory or calming activities
- Proprioceptive input
- Watch for Aversive Responses
Calming yoga, weight bearing, whole body even proprioceptive input
Sensory Over Responsive
Environmental adaptations
Provide inhibitory or calming activities
Proprioceptive input
Aversive Responses
Motor Planning
Feedforward Dependent
Session considerations
- Promote planning
- Promote bilateral integration
- Promote ideation
What do the motor planning kids need?
repetion
What is feedforward
what is it that we need to do and how do we get there?
for whom does hand over hand does not serve well?
motor planning
Motor planning kids have trouble with what type of skills?
bilateral integration, ideation and motor planinig
How do you promote ideation?
helping the child to come up with conceptualization. For example if we remove the amount of steps of an obstacle course as them to trouble shoot how to do it.
What is a Sensory Stimulation Protocol-
interventions that involve application of specific types of sensory stimuli that are controlled by the therapist and delivered in a predetermined manner, usually according to a prescribed schedule or sequence.
What is the downfall of sensory stimulation protocol?
that it has to be the certain way that may not pertain the child’s needs
How are sensory protocol applied
Applied in a non-contingent manner, meaning specific procedures used are not dependent on the child’s behavior
Wilbarger Protocol
Astronaut Program
Expected outcomes for these protocols include:
Improved sensory modulation
Improved self-regulation
General improvements in attention, learning and behavior.
you do every two hours for 2-4 weeks and then slowly taper off.
what is the calming part of the brushing technique
the joint compressions
Who would benefit from the brushing technique
and over responsive kid to desensitize them.
Astronaut program - lazy susan and a kid spins around. what does it do?
you rotate at a certain right, you do a visual tracking technique and it gives sensory impact for the visual auditory vestibular triad.
How often is astronaut program?
2x/day for a set amount of time.
Zones of regulation
Encourage students to recognize emotions while still in control
Provide regulation tools easily used and applied to help with control, and independently
Think about others and social expectations, calm without disruption to others
Influenced by The Alert Program, The Incredible 5-Point Scale and Social Thinking
What is the challenge of zones of regulation
it was created by OT but it gets used by people who aren’t OTs and potentially aren’t teaching it adequately.
Zones of regulation colors - Blue
Blue- used to describe low states of alertness- such as one feels sad, tired, sick or bored. The brain is slow or sluggish
Green- zones of regulation
Green- Used to describe a regulated state of alertness. A person may be described as calm, happy, focused, content. Generally needed for schoolwork and being social. Being in the green zone shows control.
Learning happens here.
Yellow- zones of regulation
Describes a heightened state of alertness, yet the person has some level of control. A person may experience stress, frustration, anxiety, excitement, silliness, nervousness, confusion. May have more elevated emotions or states- may be wiggly, squirmy or sensation seeking. Watch for losing control.
recess - close to losing control
Red- zones of regulation
Extremely heightened state of alertness and/or very intense feelings. A person may experience anger, rage, explosive behavior, panic, terror, or elation in this zone. Best explained by not being in control of one’s body.
Not in control, can’t learn in red
Sensory-based strategies-
specific sensory interventions that are less regimented than sensory stimulation protocols, with more flexible guidelines for use in daily life
expected outcomes of Sensory based strategies
Better self-regulation
Improved attention
Decreased behavior problems
You create a schedule for sensory activities for a family to use when their child is dysregulated. What is this called?
Sensory strategy or sensory diet or program
Choosing Wisely
Don’t provide sensory-based interventions to individual children or youth without documented assessment results of difficulties processing or integrating sensory information.
it is imperative to assess and document specific sensory difficulties before providing sensory-based interventions such as Ayres Sensory Integration®, weighted vests, listening programs, or sensory diets.
