Sensory integration theory, assessment and treatment Flashcards
What are things that categorize a person with Sensory Processing Disorder?
pt has difficulty processing and acting on sensory information, creates challenges in performing everyday tasks that include fine motor, gross motor, oral motor/feeding, communication, forming relationships and attachments
What is the sensory integration cycle (4 things)?
- sensory input
- integration
- adaptive response
- feedback
When treating sensory processing disorder, what is the first thing you must address?
treat sensory modulation disorder first!
What are the three components of sensory processing disorder?
sensory modulation disorder, sensory discrimination disorder, sensory-based motor disorder
What are the three types of sensory modulation disorders?
sensory over-responsivity, sensory under-responsivity, sensory seeking/craving
t/f, sensory modulation disorders are always generalized to all the senses
false, can be specific to only certain senses (can be sensitive to touch but not visual for example)
Describe the components of the sensory processing disorder chart?
What system is most prevalent in hypersensitivity sensory modulation disorders?
ALS- sympathetic responses that lead to decreased parasympathetic calming responses and lead to emotional outbursts
t/f, DCML can be problematic in hypersensitivity modulation disorders
false, is generally not a problem
What are the different types of vestibular sensory modulation disorders?
gravitational insecurity, aversive responses to movement (vestibular hypersensitivity), postural insecurity
Fill in the appropriate vestibular sensory term to its definition:
_____: aversive (ANS) responses to non-noxious movement (motion sickness=> avoids moving on playground equipment) POOR SEMICIRCULAR CANAL INFO PROCESSING
____: fear of movement, being out of upright position, having off ground, moving surfaces, POOR OTOLITH PROCESSING
____: fear of movement that is appropriate for child’s motor abilities, IS NOT A SPD
vestibular hypersensitivity/aversive responses to movement
gravitational insecurity
postural insecurity
t/f, hyposensitivity tends to be generalized to all or most senses
true, under-arousal which causes the inability to attend to relevant environmental information
You have a child that tends to be very lethargic and is unmotivated to play. The parent says they are very unsafe at home and love to jump from the couches onto the floor and the kid does not realize when they have been hurt. The child tends to put a lot of things into their mouths and tend to invade the personal space of whoever they are talking to. What do you think is happening with this child on a sensory level?
child is showing signs of hyposensitivity
What is the difference between a child that is hyposensitive versus a child that has “shut down” from generalized hypersensitivity?
The difference is that if a child is shut down, they will have ANS symptoms (take BP and HR to determine) to back up how they are feeling, so you can change the environment if the child is shut down
How will a child who is proprioceptive hyposensitive tend to perfom on the SOT?
will show no difference between falls on a firm or unstable surface
What are some things that a child with poor postural control will show in test results?
decreased extensor mm tone/strength, impaired prone ext/supine flex, poor proximal stability, poor equilibrium reactions, impaired postural adjustments or background movements
What postural control problem includes all of the above plus postrotatory nystagmus and difficulty using vision to assist with postural control?
postural ocular movement disorder
Which movement disorder has difficulty in planning, sequencing, and/or performing novel motor tasks or task sequences?
dyspraxia
What three things does praxis require?
ideation of task (prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia)
planning and sequencing of task (lateral premotor and medial SMA)
execution of the task (primary motor area)
What are things to remember to do when creating a novel task for a child with dyspraxia?
if determining level of praxis, can create obstacle course or novel task and give very minimal instructions to child (go from here to there) so they have to figure out how to do it on their own, can ask them how they are going to do it (shows ideation) and ask them what they are going to do next (to show their planning and sequencing of task), and once they do it once, you have to CHANGE IT UP to keep working on praxis
What are the sensory based types of dyspraxia?
BIS, somatodyspraxia, visual dyspraxia
Which type of dyspraxia is characterized with the child having poor planning and production of projected action sequences, difficulty with bilateral integration and failure to cross midline?
poor bilateral integration and sequencing (BIS)
What are activities that a child with BIS would struggle in?
jumping jacks, stride jumping, hopping, skipping together
Which type of dyspraxia is characterized with the child having difficulty with feed-forward and feed-back control and is caused by somatosensory (tactile) processing difficulties?
somatodyspraxia
