DCD-LD-ADD Flashcards
What are some components that define what developmental coordination disorder is?
a NON-PROGRESSIVE condition with poorly developed fine or gross motor coordination that affects daily life and school and lasts for the entire lifespan
T/F, developmental coordination disorder is due to a known neurologic or medical disorder
false, not due to any neurologic or medical condition
What are some of the diagnostic criteria for DCD?
motor coordination less than expected given age and IQ
interferes with academics and/or ADLs
not due to a mental condition and does not meet criteria for autism or “development delay” (normal speech level)
if ID is present, motor difficulties are greater than expected
T/F, DCD tends to affect boys more than girls
true, though might be because it easier to be noticed in boys than in girls
What are some co-occurring conditions with DCD (strong association with DCD)?
ADHD/ADD
Speech/articulation difficulties
language-based learning disabilities -> reading
sensory processing disorders
A child with ADHD/ADD, reading difficulties or sensory processing disorders is ___% likely of also having DCD
50%
What are some consequences of a child having DCD?
can lead to poor social skills, isolation, academic or behavioral problems, poor self esteem and efficacy, decreased activity and fitness, obesity
What are the neurologic soft signs (15) that can indicate underlying neurologic involvement
- decreased strength
- poor coordination
- jerky movements
- hypotonia
- abnormal, asymmetrical reflexes (w/ mild spasticity)
- abnormal gait
- poor ability to mirror movement
- impaired proprioception
- tremor or choreiform movement
- exaggerated associated movements
- joint laxity
- poor spatial organization
- poor sequencing
- poor information processing
- poor LTM and STM
T/F, even though they have poor proprioceptive processing and difficulty with visual-spatial processing, a child w/ DCD will still rely on visual feedback
true, they tend to rely on it and do so longer than other kids-> they keep doing the same thing even though they can see that it is not working
t/f, a child w/ DCD has increased levels of mm co-contraction
true, leads to stiff, awkward movements, increased time to move and fatigue
t/f, a child w/ DCD is able to transfer learned skills from one activity to another
false, is unable to do so
t/f, a child w/ DCD will repeat tasks the same way over and over again, regardless of their sucess
true, will do it the same way as they don’t use feedback from past attempt to prepare for the next
A child w/ DCD will have difficulty with skills that require (3):
accuracy
hand-eye coordination
constant monitoring of feedback
t/f, a child w/ DCD tends to have good handwriting
false, handwriting tends to be illegible and they tend to hold the pencil awkwardly
What tends to be the trickiest thing about navigating stairs for a child with DCD?
having to navigate stairs and maneuver around others on the stairs
T/F, a child with DCD will eventually grow out of the disorder
false, they don’t grow out of it and will continue to demonstrate set backs without intervention
Which motor standardized test would you use for a young child with DCD?
PDMS-2
Which motor standardized test would you use for an older child to DIAGNOSE DCD?
How about to better ASSESS a child with DCD?
BOT-2 to diagnose, MABC-2 to assess
What is a good screening tool that can be given to the parent to see if a child likely has DCD?
Developmental coordination disorder questionnaire (DCDQ)
What type of approach would you want to use in treating a kid with DCD and what are some things that that would involve?
task-specific approach, would have a specific task that is broken into steps that can be independently linked together (use concrete tasks), and then go back to performing in real-life environments (intervention must be contextually based with intervention occurring in everyday situations)
What is the difference between learning disability and intellectual disability?
intellectual disability has low IQ while learning disability only has about a 2 year gap b/w age and performance=> IQ may be above average but academic achievement is below average
t/f, learning disabilities are more common in girls than in boys
false, more common in boys
What are some characteristics of learning disability (3 main things)?
hyperactivity may or may not be present
decreased attention (distractible or perseveration)
behavioral issues (maladaptive behaviors, emotional liability, impulsiveness)
What are the three main types of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorders?
inattentive type, hyperactive-impulsive, combined type
