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Med Surg 3 > Sensory Exam (eye & ear) > Flashcards

Sensory Exam (eye & ear) Flashcards

1
Q

myopia

A

nearsighted (can see near) wears concave glasses

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2
Q

hyperopia

A

farsighted (can see far) wears convex glasses

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3
Q

astigmatism

A

irregular shape of cornea (bent)

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4
Q

presbyopia

A

with age, people can’t see up close because the elasticity of the lens is decreased

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5
Q

what would qualify a person as legally blind

A

20/200 vision with glasses

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6
Q

what are special considerations when caring for a blind person

A

speak softly
be descriptive
help with hygiene

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7
Q

what is the leading cause of blindness in the US

A

diabetes

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8
Q

what classes of meds are used to treat glaucoma

A

beta blockers, miotics, prosteglandins, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor diuretics

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9
Q

what are side effects of pilocarpine

A

stinging, burning, itching, redness, swelling, headache

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10
Q

for how long should a patient take glaucoma meds

A

for life - unless there is surgery

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11
Q

what classes of meds or specific meds should be avoided if a patient has glaucoma

A

corticosteroids, antihistamines (benadryl), anti-cholinergic (atropine), decongestants, asthma meds

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12
Q

what are symptoms of chronic open angle glaucoma

A

decreased visual acuity and peripheral fields, photophobia (light sensitivity), no pain

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13
Q

which type of glaucoma is considered to be a medical emergency and what are symptoms

A

acute angle closure glaucoma

pain, blurred vision, steamy cornea, photophobia

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14
Q

what are symptoms of retinal detachment

A

flashes of light, sensation, foggy, cloudy loss of central vision, blurry

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15
Q

when an air bubble is inserted into the vitreous humor, what position must the patient stay in

A

lying down, non operative side of head on bed

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16
Q

what symptoms of cataracts

A

painless, blurred vision, double vision, glare, abnormal color, difficulty driving at night

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17
Q

what should be included in the diet to maintain eye health

A

fruit, vegetables, fish (vitamin A,C, Zinc)

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18
Q

what is treatment for cataracts

A

lens replacement - surgery

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19
Q

what are post op instructions for any eye surgery

A

prevent N/V, watch for increased P, cough and sneeze with mouth open, anti emetics

20
Q

what is macular degeneration

A

progressive damage to macula of retina eventually causes blindness

21
Q

what are symptoms of macular degeneration

A

can’t see central vision

22
Q

what is vertigo

A

dizziness

23
Q

what is tinnitus

A

ringing in ears

24
Q

what common medication will cause tinnitus if there is an overdose

A

aspirin

25
Q

what causes conductive hearing loss

A

wax, infection, fluid, punctured ear drum, tumors

26
Q

how is conductive hearing loss treated

A

removal of wax, antibiotics, tubes for drainage, hearing aids

27
Q

what causes sensorineural hearing loss

A

damaged cochlea, loud music, nerve damage

28
Q

how is sensorineural hearing loss treated

A

amplification, hearing aid, cochlear implant

29
Q

what causes central hearing loss

A

genetics, damage through trauma, infections, tumors

30
Q

what is the weber test

A

tuning fork on top of head - same loudness in both ears

31
Q

what is the rinne test

A

tuning fork behind ear on bone, then fork in front of ear - air conduction twice as long as bone conduction

32
Q

what is a whisper test

A

whisper and have them say what you said

33
Q

what is the most common cause of otitis externa

A

swimmers ear(bad water in ear that washes away protective layer of wax)

34
Q

what are teaching points when discharging a patient with otitis externa

A

use ear plugs when swimming

don’t swim for 7-10 days

35
Q

what is otitis media

A

inflammation of middle ear

36
Q

what causes otitis media

A

infection travels up eustachian tube

37
Q

what stabilizes air pressure in the middle ear

A

eustachian tube

38
Q

what is otosclerosis

A

new bone forms along stapes - stapes becomes immobile

39
Q

what are symptoms of otosclerosis

A

can’t hear low tones, tinnitus, pink - orange eardrum, hearing loss

40
Q

what is treatment for otosclerosis

A

surgery, insert prosthesis stapes, hearing aid

41
Q

what is post stapedectomy care

A

watch for dizziness, antie metics, avoid sneezing, no water in ear, precautions for light-headedness

42
Q

what is acoustic neuroma

A

benign tumor on auditory nerve

43
Q

how is acoustic neuroma treated

A

monitoring, surgery, radiation therapy

44
Q

what is treatment for a bug in the ear

A

mineral oil to suffocate and remove bug

45
Q

what is meniere’s disease

A

disorder of inner ear - overproduction of ear fluid called endolymph

46
Q

what are symptoms of meniere’s diseases

A

vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss

47
Q

treatment for meniere’s disease

A

diuretics, decrease Na, anti-vertigo, surgery, shunt, promethazine, limit movement

Med Surg 3 (9 decks)

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