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Med Surg 3 > GI quiz 1 > Flashcards

GI quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does digestion mean

A

breaking down

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2
Q

what does absorption mean

A

absorb nutrients to body

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3
Q

what does excretion mean

A

excreting feces

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4
Q

know which organs are contained in each quadrant

A

RUQ - liver, gallbladder
RLQ - appendix
LUQ - stomach, spleen
LLQ - rectum

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5
Q

know the pathway of food through the digestive tract including sphincters and valves

A

mouth - pharynx - esophagus - gastroesophageal sphincter - stomach - pyloric sphincter - duodenum - jejunum - ileum - ileocecal valve - cecum - ascending colon - transverse colon - descending colon - sigmoid - rectum - internal anus sphincter - anus - external anus sphincter

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6
Q

salivary glands

A

secrete amylase - in mouth - start digesting starch

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7
Q

pancreas

A

secretes amylase, lipase, tripsin in duodenum

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8
Q

gallbladder

A

secretes bile into duodenum

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9
Q

liver

A

bile into duodenum

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10
Q

what are enzymes in mouth and what do they digest

A

amylase - starch

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11
Q

what are the secretions in the stomach and what do these digest

A

hydrocholic acid - break down food into liquid - activates pepcin
Pepcinogin - Pepcin - digests protein
Lipase - digest fat
intrinsic factor - absorb B12

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12
Q

what are enzymes in small intestine and what do they digest

A

bile - emulsifies (breaks down) fat - brown poop

amylase, lipase, tripsin

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13
Q

What are the enzymes from the pancrease and what do they digest

A

amylase - starch
lipase - fat
tripsin - protein

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14
Q

What does bile do

A

emulsifies fat

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15
Q

What is the function of the small intestine

A

breaks down food - collect nutrients - absorb nutrients - lymph absorbs fat

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16
Q

What is teh function of the large intestine

A

reabsorb water , minerals, vitamins

17
Q

when assess the abdomen what is the examination sequence

A

inspect - auscultate - plapate

18
Q

what position should the patient be in for examination

A

supine - head, feet raised later

19
Q

what is needed to absorb vitamin B12

A

intrinsic factor

20
Q

what disease develops with the lack of vitamin B12

A

pernicious anemia

21
Q

what teaching should be done before an MRI

A

no metal - pacemakers

claustrophobic (IV by gravity)

22
Q

how would the nurse measure the abdominal girth

A

at belly button

>35in (females) > 40 (males) - risk factor for DM or CV disease

23
Q

what would indicate normoactive, hypoactive, hyperactive bowel sound

A

5-30/minute
1-2/2 min
frequent/ loud

24
Q

what is the main concern for a patient post liver biopsy

A

bleeding

25
Q

what lab test should be performed pre-procedure

A

CBC - coagulation studies

26
Q

after an upper GI endoscopy what should be checked before giving PO intake

A

gag relfex

27
Q

what is the prep prior to a colonoscopy

A

cleaned out

NPO 8-12 hrs prior

28
Q

what should a patient be instructed to do prior to a barium swallow test

A

NPO 8-12 hr before
no smoking 12-24 hr
clear liquid night before
low fiber diet

29
Q

after tests using barium what are teaching points

A

white, chalky stool
increased fluids
take stool softeners

30
Q

what tests are used to examine the GB

A

ultrasounds - oral cholecystography

31
Q

what caused some alterations in stool color

A

iron - black

barium - white

32
Q

what are some age realted changes in GI tract

A

decreased taste, weak gag relax, atrophy of intestines, faulty absorption of vitamins, slow fat absorption , decreased saliva

33
Q

if a aptient is to have a fecal occult test what should they avoid prior to avoid a fals positive result

A

aspirin - NSAIDS- Iron - alcohol

34
Q

If a patient has darker skin, where should the nruse assess for jaundice

A

sclera of eyes.

Med Surg 3 (9 decks)

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