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Med Surg 3 > Integumentary unit exam > Flashcards

Integumentary unit exam Flashcards

1
Q

what is overgrowth of scar tissue called

A

keoid

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2
Q

what is stage I ulcer

A

intact skin, red, warm, blanched

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3
Q

what is stage II ulcer

A

break in skin - epidermis/dermis

abrasion, crater, blister

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4
Q

what is a stage III ulcer

A

full thickness - loss of hypodermis, deep crater

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5
Q

what is a stage IV ulcer

A

full thickness, bone, muscle showing, tunneling

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6
Q

what is contact dermatitis

A

direct contact with substance - allergic reaction - itchy rash

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7
Q

What is the other word for chronic dermatitis

A

eczema

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8
Q

what is psoriasis

A

skin disease where epidermal cells proliferate (increase) abnormally fast

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9
Q

what are symptoms of psoriasis

A

red papules - plaques, silvery scales, itchy, dry brittle hair

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10
Q

what are treatments for psoriasis

A

tub baths, steroids, Vitamin D cream, keratolytics, fish oil (topicals) UV light

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11
Q

what is herpes simplex

A

viral infection - direct contact - lies dormant in nerves

symptoms triggered by stressor (lesions)

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12
Q

what is herpes zoster

A

shingles - painful vesicle eruption along nerves - normally only one side

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13
Q

what causes herpes zoster

A

varicella virus

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14
Q

what are symptoms of herpes zoster

A

vesicles, bright red plaques, irritation, itching, fever, severe pain, malaise

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15
Q

what medication can be used for any type of herpes infection

A

cyclovir - acyclovir, valacyclovir

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16
Q

what is the cause of acne

A

hormones - androgens

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17
Q

what are some acne treatments

A

antibiotics, corticosteroids, estrogen therapy, vitamin A acid

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18
Q

what is isotretinoin

A

vitamin A derivative

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19
Q

how is Isotretinoin administered

A

Oral with food

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20
Q

what are some side effects of isotretinoin

A

dry skin, itching, dry nose, rash , nose bleeds, pregnancy category X

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21
Q

what is scabies

A

contagious itchy skin disease caused by burrowing mites

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22
Q

what are symptoms of scabies

A

bumps, redness, itching, black burrows (dots)

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23
Q

how is scabies spread

A

skin-skin contact

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24
Q

what is treatment for scabies

A

anti-parasitic, don’t get close contact with others, lidane cream, dry cleaning clothes

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25
Q

what is pediculosis

A

head lice

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26
Q

what are symptoms of pediculosis

A

itching, visible lice/nits in hair

27
Q

how is lice spread

A

direct contact

28
Q

what is treatment for lice

A

pyrethin - anti-parasitic
calamine lotion
wet combing

29
Q

what is pemphigus

A

watery blisters on skin - autoimmune

30
Q

what are 2 primary concerns when caring for a patient with pemphigus

A

fluid loss, pain, high calorie diet

31
Q

what are priorities when caring for a burn victim

A

Airway
Breathing
Circulation

32
Q

when should the nurse be concerned about inhalation burns

A

burn to head/neck

33
Q

what are symptoms of inhalation burns

A

cough, shortness of breath, hoarseness, headache, burns to face/neck

34
Q

superficial partial thickness burn

A

red, blanching, no cell death
blood flow maintained, blisters
sensitive to air, temperature, touch

35
Q

deep partial thickness burn

A

red, no blanching
vasoconstriction, sludging of blood vessels
increased tissue edema,
fragile-painful-exposed nerve endings

36
Q

full thickness burn

A

white, gray, no blanching
irreversible cell death (skin grafting needed)
no pain!

37
Q

what are some main concerns of a patient with an electrical burn

A

cardiac function (arrythemias)

38
Q

what are some topical meds used for burns

A

mupirocin, mafenide acetate, sulfadiazine

39
Q

when are skin grafts necessary

A

hair follicles - stem cells destroyed

deep burn wounds

40
Q

autograft

A

persons own skin

41
Q

allograft

A

from cadaver of stem cells

42
Q

slit graft

A

large area - laced

43
Q

xenograft

A

from cows or pigs

44
Q

what is a fast way to estimate the BSA of a burn

A

rule of 9’s

45
Q

adult rule of 9’s

A 
head -9
arm -9
arm -9
chest -9
abdomen -9
upper back -9
lower back -9
front left leg -9
front right leg -9
back left leg -9
back right leg -9
46
Q

adult rule of 9’s

A

same as adult except
head -18
whole leg - 13.5 (front/back: 6.75)

47
Q

alopecia

A

balding

48
Q

bulla

A

fluid filled vesicle/blister > 1cm

49
Q

confluent

A

lesions become merged

50
Q

cyst

A

pouch of semisolid, solid, or liquid

51
Q

dermis

A

middle layer of skin

52
Q

discrete

A

separated lesions

53
Q

epidermis

A

outer layer of skin

54
Q

hypodermis

A

inner alyer of skin

55
Q

keratitis

A

cornea becomes inflamed

56
Q

macule

A

flat, colored bump < 1 cm

57
Q

papule

A

solid raised lesion

58
Q

plaque

A

raised lesion > 1 cm

59
Q

pustule

A

pus filled bump

60
Q

ulcer

A

open sore - dermis

61
Q

vesicle

A

small blister - fluid filled - 1 cm

62
Q

wheal

A

round - white in middle, red around it - hives!

63
Q

what is open wound care and why is it not used as often

A

wound is left open - because of infection entering

Med Surg 3 (9 decks)

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