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Med Surg 3 > integumentary quiz > Flashcards

integumentary quiz Flashcards

1
Q

what is the outermost layer of the skin called

A

epidermis

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2
Q

what are the 2 layers of the epidermis

A

stratum corneum - outer

stratum germinativum - inner

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3
Q

what cells secrete pigment and where are they located

A

melanocytes - stratum germinativum

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4
Q

what is the layer of the skin below the epidermis called and what does it contain

A

dermis: hair follicle, sweat gland, sebaceous glands, nerve endings, blood vessels

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5
Q

what is the layer of skin below the dermis

A

subcutaneous (hypodermis)

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6
Q

what is the subcutaneous layer made of

A

Adipose - cushion, insulate, energy, homeostasis, remp, metabolism
Areolar - WBC to fight pathogens

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7
Q

what is normal color of the skin

A

pink

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8
Q

what are the variations in color and what could this mean

A

cyanosis: blue - respirations
jaundice: yellow - liver, gallbladder
erythema: red - dilation, infection
pallor: pale - anemia, lack of blood flow
brown: addisons, peripheral vascular disease

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9
Q

UV rays allow the skin to begin manufacturing what vitamin

A

vitamin D

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10
Q

what is the hard protein in skin, hair and nails

A

keratin

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11
Q

what causes excessive facial hair growth on women

A

increased testosterone (androgens)

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12
Q

what would you see in the nails of someone who has chronic hypoxia

A

clubbing

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13
Q

what would you see in the nails of someone with endocarditis

A

splinter hemorrhages

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14
Q

what is the horizontal depression across a nail called

A

beau’s lines

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15
Q

what is a definitive test for cancer

A

biopsy

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16
Q

what is the difference between a patch test and a scratch tests and what are these tests used for

A

Patch: allergen on adhesive - 48-96 hr - observe for up to 5 days
Scratch: allergen is scratched into skin for immediate reaction - epinephrine and resuscitation available
To test allergies

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17
Q

what is a woods light examination and what is this used for

A

UV light - tinea (ringworm)

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18
Q

where should a nurse assess for skin turgor of the older adult

A

sternum

19
Q

what types of medications are used for skin disorders

A 
corticosteroids
antihistamines
antibacterial - bacteria
antifungal - fungus
antiviral - virus
scabicides - scabies
pediculicides - head lice
local anesthetics
20
Q

what route are the medications given

A

topically

21
Q

macule

A

flat, colored, less than 1 cm

22
Q

papule

A

solid, raised, less than 1 cm

23
Q

ulcer

A

open sore to dermis

24
Q

vesicle

A

blister, serous fluid, 1 cm

25
Q

bulla

A

fluid vesicle or blister, greater than 1 cm

26
Q

lichenification

A

thickening, hardening - caused by scratching

27
Q

plaque

A

solid raised lesion, greater than 1 cm

28
Q

cyst

A

pouch - has fluid or pus

29
Q

wheal

A

round - white in middle, red around outside

30
Q

fissure

A

crack to deris - continuous drying or inflammation

31
Q

scale

A

dry, dead, cracked - cradle cap

32
Q

ecchymosis

A

blue, black, brown bruising

33
Q

what does discrete mean

A

separated - distinct

34
Q

what does confluent mean

A

lesions merge so discreet aren’t visible

35
Q

what does linear mean

A

lesions form a line

36
Q

what does arciform mean

A

lesions for arcs or curves

37
Q

what does reticular mean

A

lesions form a mesh like network

38
Q

what does annular mean

A

arranged in single circle

39
Q

what does radiation mean

A

loss of heat from environment

40
Q

what does conduction mean

A

loss of heat by cold objects touching skin

41
Q

what does convection mean

A

heat loss by moving air close to body - fan

42
Q

what does evaporation mean

A

loss of moisture to air

43
Q

what are some skin changes as we age that affect temperature control

A

fragile thin skin, decreased fat, decreased sweat glands, decreased collagen

44
Q

what is the name for a hive like skin rash

A

wheal

Med Surg 3 (9 decks)

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