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Neuroscience 111 > Sensory Anatomommy > Flashcards

Sensory Anatomommy Flashcards

1
Q

What do primary afferent axons do?

A

Send somatic info to brain or spinal cord

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2
Q

Where do primary afferent axons enter the spinal cord?

A

Dorsal roots

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3
Q

What are the diameter of the primary afferent axons correlated with?

A

Type of info received

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4
Q

What does the axon diameter determine?

A

Conduction velocity

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5
Q

Describe Type Aa/Group 1 Axons

A

Large diameter and myelinated

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6
Q

Describe Type Ab/Type 2 axons

A

Medium diameter and myelinated

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7
Q

Describe Type Ad/Type 3 axons

A

Small diameter and myelinated

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8
Q

Describe Type C/Type 4 axons

A

Tiny diameter and unmyelinated

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9
Q

Which axon is the fastest? Which is the slowest? You def know why

A

Type Aa fastest
Type C slowest

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10
Q

What are C fibers responsible for?

A

Mediating temperature, throbbing pain, and itch

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11
Q

What are Ab axons responsible for?

A

Conducting touch sensations

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12
Q

What are Aa axons responsible for?

A

Proprioceptors for skeletal muscle

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13
Q

What are Ad axons responsible for?

A

Pain and temperature

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14
Q

How many segments are in the spinal cord?

A

30

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15
Q

What are the four divisions in the spinal cord?

A

Cervical (C 1-8)
Thoracic (T 1-12)
Lumbar (L 1-5)
Sacral (S 1-5)

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16
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

Area of skin inner gated by the right and left dorsal roots of a spinal segments (ex. S2-S4 controls yo dick)

17
Q

What are the three divisions of the spinal gray matter?

A

Dorsal horn, intermediate zone, and ventral horn

18
Q

Ab axons enter the dorsal horn, where do the two branches go?

A

One synapses in the dorsal horn to 2nd order neurons (for reflexes

One ascends straight to the brain ipsilaterally (for perception)

19
Q

What are the two types of skin?

A

Hairy and glabrous (hairless)

20
Q

What are the two layers of the skin?

A

Epidermis (outer) and dermis (inner)

21
Q

What are the functions of skin?

A

Protect, prevent evaporation of bodily fluids, and provides direct contact w/ the world

22
Q

What does the Dorsal Column-Medial Lemniscal Pathway mediate?

A

Tactile sensation, vibration, and proprioception (major route for this info to cortex)

23
Q

How does the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway work?

A
  • Ab axons enter and ascend via ipsilateral dorsal column
  • Axons terminate in dorsal column nuclei in medulla
  • Axons from dorsal column decussate and ascend via medial lemniscus
  • Medial lemniscus axons synapse into VPN (in thalamus)
  • VPN neurons send axons to S1
24
Q

What does the trigeminal touch pathway mediate?

A

Somatosensory info in the face via trigeminal nerve (CN 5)

25
Q

What does the trigeminal touch pathway innervate?

A

Face, mouth area, outer 2/3 of tongue, and dura

26
Q

What are the 3 branches of the trigeminal touch pathway?

A

V1
V2
V3

27
Q

How does information from the trigeminal touch pathway reach S1?

A
  • Enters brain stem at pons
  • Decussates and sends projections to VPN
  • VPN sends info to S1
28
Q

What are the 4 somatosensory cortexes in the parietal lobe? (Only one rlly matters)

A

BA1, 2, 3A, 3B (important one)

29
Q

WHY is 3B the primary SMC?

A
  • receives info from VPN
  • responsive to somato stimuli
  • simulation evokes somatic sensory experiences
30
Q

What layer of the 3B receives thalamic input? (It’s the same as the others)

A

Layer IV

31
Q

What is somatotopy? (Think tonotopy)

A

Mapping body surface sensations onto the structure of the brain, amount of cortex devoted to a body part is correlated w/ the density of sensory input received from each part

32
Q

What happens to S1 when a limb is removed?

A

It USUALLY remaps and causes reorganization

33
Q

What happens when you stimulate certain bodily areas more than others?

A

The somatic map increases size in the areas correlated with those areas to detect touch better

34
Q

What are broadmann’s areas 5 and 7 responsible for?

A

Somatic sensation, visual stim, movement planning, and attentiveness (dw abt this too much)

35
Q

What happens if you damage the Posterior Parietal Cortex (areas 5 and 7)?

A

Tons of neurological disorders

36
Q

What is agnosia?

A

Inability to recognize an object even when simple sensation is normal

37
Q

What is astereognosia?

A

Normal sense of touch but you can’t identify object from it

38
Q

What is neglect syndrome?

A

A part of the body or visual field is ignored

Neuroscience 111 (14 decks)

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