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Neuroscience 111 > Midterm 1 > Flashcards

Midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Acetylcholine produced from?

A

Choline + acetyl CoA (via ChAT)

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2
Q

What is Acetylcholine metabolized into?

A

Choline and acetic acid

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3
Q

What is the clinical relevance of Acetylcholine?

A

Antibodies that block cholinergic receptors causes Myasthenia Gravis

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4
Q

What are the three catecholamines?

A

Dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine

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5
Q

What are Catecholamines derived from?

A

AA tyrosine

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6
Q

What is the rate-limiting enzyme in synthesizing Catecholamines?

A

Tyrosine hydroxylase

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7
Q

What are the transporters that reuptake Catecholamines?

A

DAT and NET

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8
Q

What metabolizes Catecholamines?

A

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)

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9
Q

What is the clinical relevance of Catecholamines?

A

Parkinson’s Disease

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10
Q

What is an abbreviation for Serotonin?

A

5-HT

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11
Q

What is Serotonin derived from?

A

AA tryptophan

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12
Q

What is 5-HTP catalyzed by to form Serotonin?

A

Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH)

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13
Q

What is the vesicular monoamine transporter for Serotonin?

A

VMAT2

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14
Q

What transporter is responsible for the reuptake of Serotonin?

A

5-HT T (SERT)

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15
Q

What metabolizes Serotonin?

A

MAO

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16
Q

What is the clinical relevance of Serotonin?

A

Depression

17
Q

What are the three amino acid neurotransmitters?

A

Glutamate (proteinogenic), Glycine (proteinorgenic), and GABA (not proteinogenic)

18
Q

What is the vesicular Glutamate transporter name?

A

vGLUT1-3

19
Q

What is the reuptake transporter for Glutamate?

A

EAATs

20
Q

What catalyzes glutamate into GABA?

A

GAD

21
Q

What is the name of the vesicle transporter for GABA?

A

VGATs

22
Q

What metabolizes GABA into succinate?

A

GABA-T

23
Q

What is GABA’s clinical relevance?

A

Epilepsy, Anticonvulsants GAT-1 blocker and GABA-T inhibitor

24
Q

What are endocannabinoids synthesized from?

A

Membrane lipids in response to increase calcium ions.

25
Q

How do endocannabinoids work?

A

They permeate through membranes and reduce open calcium channels in the pre-synaptic membrane.

26
Q

What receptors do endocannabinoids bind to?

A

CB1 receptors

Neuroscience 111 (14 decks)

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